UJI IN VITRO PENGARUH PEMBERIAN NANOEMULSI DAUN JATI (Tectona grandis Linn) TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FERMENTASI RUMEN SAPI

Yulita Nadzifa Erista, Prof. Dr. drh. Irkham Widiyono; Prof. Dr. drh. Soedarmanto Indarjulianto; Dr. Zein Ahmad Baihaqi, S.Pt.

2025 | Tesis | S2 Sain Veteriner

Daun jati (Tectona grandis Linn) memiliki kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder tanaman. Efektivitas produksi ternak terhambat akibat degradasi nutrisi pakan pada proses pencernaan fermentatif rumen. Produksi ternak juga memiliki dampak emisi gas metana akibat aktivitas bakteri metanogenik di dalam rumen yang berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas ternak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji potensi nanoemulsi ekstrak daun jati sebagai agen proteksi protein, antimetanogenik, dan pengaruhnya terhadap karkteristik fermentasi rumen melalui uji in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan daun jati yang diekstraksi dan diproses menjadi bentuk sediaan nanoemulsi dengan konsentrasi 3%, 5%, dan 7%, serta dilakukan pada media cairan rumen sapi. Metode penelitian mengacu kepada teknik in vitro Theodorou et al. (1994), dengan masing-masing kelompok terdiri atas 5 ulangan. Karakteristik fermentasi rumen yang dianalisis meliputi parameter pH, ammonia (NH3), Volatile fatty acid (VFA), protein mikrobia, jumlah protozoa, serta tingkat kecernaan bahan kering (KcBK) dan bahan organik (KcBO). Analsis produksi gas fermentasi rumen meliputi parameter laju kinetika produksi gas, konsentrasi gas metana (CH4), karbondioksida (CO2) dan dinitrogen monoksida (N2O). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis statistik dengan metode one way ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan nanoemulsi ekstrak daun jati dengan konsentrasi 3%, 5?n 7% tidak berpengaruh secara nyata (P>0,05) terhadap perubahan pH rumen, konsentrasi NH3, protozoa, VFA yang meliputi asetat, propionat dan butirat, tingkat kecernaan bahan kering (KcBK) dan bahan organik (KcBO), produksi gas N2O, serta laju produksi gas fraksi pakan mudah terdegradasi (fraksi a) dan laju produksi gas terhadap satuan waktu (fraksi c). Pemberian nanoemulsi ekstrak daun jati konsentrasi 7?rpengaruh secara signifikan (P<0>

Teak leaves (Tectona grandis Linn) contain secondary plant metabolite compounds. Degradation of feed components during the fermentative digestion process in the rumen limits the efficiency of livestock output. Livestock production also contributes to methane gas emissions due to the activity of methanogenic bacteria in the rumen, which results in global warming. This study aims to evaluate the potential of teak leaf nanoemulsion as a protein protection agent, an antimethanogenic agent, and their effects on rumen fermentation characteristics through in vitro testing. This study utilized teak leaves that were extracted and processed into nanoemulsion formulations with concentration level of 3%, 5%, and 7%, and tested on cattle’s rumen fluid media to determine the features of rumen fermentation. The research method follows the in vitro technique described by Theodorou et al. (1994), with each group consisting of five replicates. The rumen fermentation characteristics assessed include parameters such as pH, ammonia (NH3), volatile fatty acids (VFA), microbial protein, protozoa population, as well as the digestibility of dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM). The analysis of rumen fermentation gas production encompasses parameters such as the kinetics of gas production, concentrations of methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrous oxide (N2O). The data obtained were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA, followed by Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT). The results indicated that the addition of teak leaf nanoemulsion at concentrations of 3%, 5%, and 7% had no significant effect (P > 0,05) on changes in rumen pH, NH3 concentration, protozoa levels, VFA production including acetate, propionate and butyrate, dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), N2O gas production, the gas production rate of soluble fraction (fraction a) and the reaction rate of gas formation (fraction c). However, the application of 7% teak leaf nanoemulsion significantly affected (P < 0>

Kata Kunci : daun jati, degradasi protein, gas metana, metabolit sekunder, nanoemulsi