Analisis Dispersi PM10 dan PM2.5 Studi Kasus Industri Kayu Lapis di Kecamatan Kalasan

ZULFA NAVIDA, Dr. Emilya Nurjani, S.Si., M.Si.

2025 | Skripsi | GEOGRAFI DAN ILMU LINGKUNGAN

Industri kayu lapis di Desa Tirtomartani, Kalasan Sleman, D. I. Yogyakarta melakukan produksi dengan pembakaran kayu pada cerobong boiler dapat berdampak pada kualitas udara. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis sebaran PM2.5 dan PM10 serta tingkat pencemaran terhadap indeks standar pencemar udara. 

Pengumpulan data konsentrasi aktual PM2.5 dan PM10 dilakukan tanggal 3-6 Juni 2024 dengan High Volume Air Sampler (HVAS). Penentuan lokasi disesuaikan dengan SNI 197119.6-2005. Prediksi dispersi PM2.5 dan PM10 dilakukan dengan AERMOD. Pengolahan data meteorologi dilakukan dengan AERMET dengan data bulan Juni 2023 – Mei 2024. topografi diolah menggunakan AERMAP menggunakan citra SRTM 3. Data laju emisi dihitung dari estimasi faktor emisi kayu dan volume kayu. Data. Evaluasi tingkat pencemaran PM2.5 dan PM10 dilakukan dengan Indeks Standar Pencemaran Udara (ISPU). Data akan dianalisis secara kualitatif berdasarkan prediksi dispersi PM2.5 dan PM10 terhadap data aktual dan secara spasial berdasarkan peta dispersi PM2.5 dan PM10. 

Konsentrasi rata-rata PM2.5 selama 24 jam di Titik A 175,76 µg/m³ dan Titik B 112,35 µg/m³, sementara PM10 di Titik A adalah 136,15 µg/m³ dan di Titik B 120,73 µg/m³. Pola dispersi model dominan ke arah utara, dipengaruhi arah dan kecepatan angin, serta topografi. Hasil pemodelan menunjukkan nilai yang lebih rendah dibandingkan pengukuran aktual dengan RMSPE PM2.5 sebesar 32.84?n PM10 sebesar 34.33%. Konsentrasi PM2.5 dan PM10 di permukiman sesuai baku mutu Gubernu DIY Nomor 153 Tahun 2002. Sedangkan pada CV X PM10 masih di bawah baku mutu, tetapi pada parameter PM2.5 melebihi baku mutu. Berdasarkan Permenkes RI Nomor 2 Tahun 2023, konsentrasi PM2.5 dan PM10 melebihi baku mutu di permukiman dan lingkungan industri, meskipun nilai ISPU berada pada kategori baik hingga sedang.

The plywood industry in Tirtomartani Village, Kalasan, Sleman, Special Region of Yogyakarta, conducts production activities involving wood combustion in boiler chimneys, which can impact air quality. This study aims to analyze the dispersion of PM2.5 dan PM10 and assess pollution levels based on the Air Pollution Standard Index (ISPU).

The actual PM2.5 dan PM10 concentration data were collected from June 3–6, 2024, using a High Volume Air Sampler (HVAS). The selection of monitoring locations followed SNI 197119.6-2005. The dispersion prediction of PM2.5 dan PM10 was conducted using AERMOD. Meteorological data processing was carried out using AERMET with data from June 2023 to May 2024. Topographical data were processed using AERMAP with SRTM 3 imagery. Emission rates were estimated based on wood emission factors and wood volume. The evaluation of PM2.5 dan PM10 pollution levels was conducted using the Air Pollution Standard Index (ISPU). Data analysis was performed qualitatively by comparing the predicted dispersion of PM2.5 dan PM10 with actual data and spatially through dispersion maps of PM2.5 dan PM10.

The 24-hour average concentration of PM2.5 at Point A was 175.76 µg/m³ and at Point B was 112.35 µg/m³, while PM10 at Point A was 136.15 µg/m³ and at Point B was 120.73 µg/m³. The dominant dispersion pattern in the model was towards the north, influenced by wind direction, wind speed, and topography. The modeling results showed lower values compared to actual measurements, with an RMSPE of 32.84% for PM2.5 and 34.33% for PM10. The concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 in residential areas complied with the quality standards set by Governor Regulation DIY No. 153 of 2002. However, at CV X, PM10 remained below the quality standard, while PM2.5 exceeded it. According to Indonesian Ministry of Health Regulation No. 2 of 2023, PM2.5 dan PM10 concentrations exceeded the quality standards in both residential and industrial areas, although the ISPU values fell within the good to moderate category.

Kata Kunci : AERMOD, Industri, ISPU, Partikulat