Good Corporate Governance dan Kondisi Kerja di Stasiun Pengisian Bahan Bakar Umum: Perspektif Ekonomi Politik Kritis

Ardiyansyah, Muchtar Habibi, S.I.P., M.A., Ph.D.

2025 | Tesis | S2 Administrasi Publik

Penelitian ini menguji klaim bahwa manfaat good corporate governance (GCG) dapat dirasakan oleh seluruh stakeholder dengan memfokuskan studi pada manfaat bagi pekerja selama proses kerja berlangsung. Secara konseptual GCG menghubungkan seluruh stakeholder sesuai prinsip-prinsipnya tanpa mempertimbangkan ketimpangan relasi kuasa akibat perbedaan kelas di antara stakeholder. Penelitian ini mengungkap sisi lain yang belum banyak dibahas dalam literatur GCG terkait  ketimpangan relasi kuasa pada stakeholder internal, yaitu hubungan pemilik usaha dan pekerjanya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode multiple case study pada SPBU Pertamina karena Pertamina Patra Niaga dan Pertamina Retail mendapat predikat penerapan GCG “baik” dan “sangat baik” pada tahun 2023. Data didapatkan dengan observasi lapangan, wawancara mendalam dengan 30 informan, dan telaah dokumen SPBU, Peraturan Perundang-Undangan, serta penelitian terdahulu untuk kemudian dilakukan triangulasi. Lokasi pengambilan data adalah 4 unit SPBU Pertamina, baik yang dikelola oleh Pertamina Retail atau perusahaan swasta yang bermitra dengan Pertamina Patra Niaga. Proses kerja eksploitatif dan kondisi kerja tidak layak bagi pekerja di SPBU sekalipun telah menerapkan GCG. Tanpa mempertimbangkan gap relasi kuasa dari stakeholder, manfaat dari GCG hanya dirasakan pihak dominan yang pada lingkup internal perusahaan adalah pemilik kapital. 

This study examines the claim that the benefits of good corporate governance (GCG) can be experienced by all stakeholders, focusing specifically on the advantages for workers during work processes. Background Problems: Conceptually, GCG connects all stakeholders following its principles, without addressing power imbalances arising from stakeholder class differences. Novelty: This research highlights an underexplored aspect of GCG literature: power asymmetries among internal stakeholders, specifically the relationship between business owners and their workers. Research Methods: The study employs a multiple case study approach on Pertamina petrol stations because Pertamina Patra Niaga and Pertamina Retail were awarded “good” and “excellent” GCG ratings in 2023. Data were collected through field observations, in-depth interviews with 30 informants, and document analysis, including petrol station records, relevant regulations, and previous studies. Data were collected and triangulated from four Pertamina petrol stations, managed by Pertamina Retail or private companies partnered with Pertamina Patra Niaga. Exploitative labour processes and substandard working conditions persist for workers at petrol stations, even under GCG implementation. Conclusion: Without addressing power imbalances among stakeholders, the benefits of GCG are disproportionately enjoyed by dominant parties, who, in the internal corporate context, are the capital owners.

Kata Kunci : good corporate governance, working conditions, decent work, labour process, working class