Talal Asad dan Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas tentang Sekularisme
Achmad Resa, Dr. Agus Himmawan Utomo, S.S., M.Hum.
2025 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Filsafat
This thesis is entitled Talal Asad and Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas on Secularism. The research is based on the fact that in the modern society, religion no longer plays significant role as in premodern one. Religion that previously encompassed all aspects of life has to share with political sphere. Furthermore, it is sometimes subordinated by political institution. This phenomenon is called by sekularism. Sekularism is often forced to a society to form a more advanced and humanist society. However, this opinion is not entirely accurate. This study attempts to test the concept of sekularism through the perspective of Talal Asad with his genealogy and Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas with his ‘taw??d method of knowledge’, then compare the two.
This research is a library research with comparation model. Their thoughts are placed in parallel using Worldview Studies theory. The data are taken from books, journals, and websites, and approached using philosophical hermeneutics accompanied by methodical elements in the form of description, interpretation, heuristics, and historical continuity.
The study shows that Asad and al-Attas have similarities and differences in viewing secularism. Asad uses Foucaultian genealogy and Tradition to examine the concept of secularism, while al-Attas uses the taw??d method of knowledge. Asad uses genealogy and tradition to view secularism through the concepts surrounding it, while al-Attas views it through key concepts in the Islamic worldview. From this methodological basis, similarities are found between Asad and al-Attas in viewing secularism, including: secularism is full of elements of Western culture, so it cannot be immediately applied to other cultures; secularism can also change the epistemological construction of a particular culture if applied outside the West; there are no final and absolute values. The differences include: According to Asad, secularism does not have a fixed ontological basis, while al-Attas secularism is based on the intrusion of Aristotelian philosophy into Christian theology; For Asad, secularism implies a redefinition of crucial concepts in a culture, while al-Attas sees that secularism causes one to think outside the light of tradition; Asad sees that values are determined by power, while according to al-Attas secularism leads to the relativization of values.
Kata Kunci : Kata Kunci: Sekularisme, agama, politik, kebudayaan, pandangan alam, filsafat agama, Talal Asad, Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas