The Urgency to Criminalize Cutting and Injuring Female Genitalia under Indonesia Criminal Law

Elmina Karina Tarigan, Diantika Rindam Floranti, S.H., LL.M.

2025 | Skripsi | ILMU HUKUM

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif-empiris. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan dua pendekatan, yaitu melalui data primer yang berupa wawancara dengan lembaga yang selama ini mengadvokasi isu pemotongan dan pelukaan genitalia perempuan dan pendapat ahli. Serta melalui data sekunder yang berupa instrumen-instrumen hukum, dimana keduanya dipergunakan untuk analisis masalah. Data penelitian ini dianalisis secara kualitatif dan disajikan secara deskriptif.

Temuan penelitian ini menyimpulkan, pertama, celah hukum dalam upaya kriminalisasi pemotongan dan pelukaan genitalia perempuan bersumber dari belum adanya peraturan perundang-undangan, kebijakan, atau norma yang memiliki kewenangan hukum yang cukup untuk memberikan sanksi bersifat pidana baik kepada korban maupun pelaku. Sedangkan berdasarkan kedudukannya dalam hierarki hukum, beberapa regulasi yang ada hanya memiliki sanksi administratif dan tidak memiliki konsekuensi pidana apapun. Kedua, hambatan terhadap kriminalisasi pemotongan dan pelukaan genitalia perempuan muncul dari berbagai perspektif, termasuk perlindungan hak anak, perlindungan perempuan, perspektif hukum Islam, dan perspektif hukum pidana. Kendala paling signifikan yang dapat diidentifikasi dari semua perspektif adalah penolakan yang signifikan oleh kelompok beragama dan isu kriminalisasi, khususnya tentang siapa yang dapat dikenakan tuntutan pidana serta isu-isu yang terkait dengan hukum acara pidana yang mengikutinya.

This study aims to analyze the potential to regulate and criminalize cutting and injuring female genitalia  under Indonesia criminal law. This research also aims to analyze and describe the legal impact of criminalization of cutting and injuring female genitalia towards victims' legal rights and receivable treatment. 

        This research is a normative study. The research  utilized a two-pronged approach that includes primary data, which comprises interviews with agencies that have been advocating cutting and injuring female genitalia issues and the opinions of experts. As well as secondary data, which consists of legal materials, both used for problem analysis. The research data is analyzed qualitatively and presented descriptively.

The research findings conclude, first, the legal gaps in the effort to criminalize female genital mutilation stem from the lack of legislation, policies, or norms with sufficient legal authority to impose consequences on either victims or perpetrators. These existing regulations are the Government Regulation No. 28 of 2024, which pertains to the Implementing Regulations of Law No. 17 of 2023 concerning Health, the Minister of Health Regulation Number 6 of 2014 concerning Revocation of the Minister of Health Regulation Number 1636/Menkes/PER/XII/2010 concerning Female Genital Mutilation, and the Presidential Regulation No. 111 of 2022 on the Implementation of Achieving Sustainable Development Goals.Whereas according to their position within the legal hierarchy, some of these regulations only have administrative consequences and do not have any criminal consequences. Second, the obstacles to criminalizing cutting and injuring female genitalia  are present from a variety of perspectives with the most significant obstacles being the significant rejection by religious groups and the issue of criminalization, specifically about who may be subjected to criminal charges as well as issues related to criminal procedural law that will follow. However the potential to criminalize remains exists whereas it could be achieved through utilization of articles from other laws such as the health and TPKS Law.

Kata Kunci : Cutting and Injuring to Female Genitalia, Female Genital Mutilation, Legal Protection