Akurasi Uji Lipoarabinomannan Assay Dibandingkan Kultur Mycobacterium Tuberculosis pada Pasien Tuberkulosis Pleura: Tinjauan Sistematis dan Meta-analisis

Rizqy Brillian Wahyudi, dr. Rizka Humardewayanti Asdie, Sp. PD-KPTI; dr. Heni Retnowulan, M. Kes., Sp. PD-KP

2025 | Skripsi | PENDIDIKAN DOKTER

Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) merupakan salah satu bagian dari struktur Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). MTB dapat bermanifestasi di luar paru, salah satu bentuk terbanyaknya yaitu tuberkulosis pleura. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penitian tinjauan sistematis dan meta-analisis untuk mengevaluasi akurasi uji diagnostik Lipoarabinomannan Assay dibandingkan dengan uji baku emas.

            Peneliti secara sistematis melakukan pencarian literatur pada beberapa basis data yang mengandung kata kunci Population, Intevention, Comparison, Outcome (PICO), kemudian melakukan langkah-langkah penyaringan studi inklusi menggunakan protokol Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Kualitas studi inklusi dilakukan menggunakan Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2). Data yang telah diekstraksi dikumpulkan dengan model random effect dan kurva summary receiver operating characteristic curves (SROC).

Dari enam studi inklusi, dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa Lipoarabinomannan Assay merupakan uji diagnostik yang memiliki spesifisitas tinggi sehingga LAM Assay baik untuk modalitas diagnostik pasien TB pleura. 

Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) is part of the structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). MTB can manifest outside the lungs, the most common form was pleural tuberculosis. This study used a systematic review and meta-analysis design to evaluate the accuracy of the Lipoarabinomannan Assay diagnostic test compared with the gold standard test.

            Researchers systematically conducted a literature search on several databases containing the keywords Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome (PICO), then carried out steps for inclusion study selection using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2). The extracted data was collected using random effect models and summary receiver operating characteristic curves (SROC).

From the six included studies, it can be concluded that the Lipoarabinomannan Assay is a diagnostic test that has high specificity, so the LAM Assay is a good diagnostic modality for pleural TB patients.

Kata Kunci : akurasi, lipoarabinomannan, tuberkulosis, tuberkulosis pleura