Evaluasi Interaksi Obat Potensial pada Pasien Congestive Heart Failure di Intalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Salatiga Periode Januari-Desember 2023

LATIFUL SINARING NARDI SAYEKTI, Dr. Purwantiningsih, S.Si., M.Si., Apt.

2025 | Skripsi | FARMASI

    Congestive heart failure (CHF) merupakan penyakit yang memiliki angka kematian tinggi di dunia. Lebih dari separuh pasien CHF memiliki penyakit penyerta, yang mengakibatkan harus mengonsumsi banyak obat dan hal tersebut menyebabkan kemungkinan adanya interaksi obat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola pengobatan, gambaran interaksi obat potensial, dan hubungan antara interaksi obat potensial dengan lama rawat inap.

    Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif menggunakan rekam medis pasien CHF rawat inap selama bulan Januari-Desember 2023 yang telah dipilih menggunakan purposive sampling. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kota Salatiga. Gambaran interaksi obat potensial diperoleh menggunakan Lexicomp. Data karakteristik pasien, jumlah interaksi obat potensial, derajat keparahan interaksi obat, mekanisme dan manajemen interaksi obat potensial dan luaran klinis pasien dianalisis secara deskriptif. Sedangkan hubungan antara karakteristik pasien, lama rawat inap, dan jumlah obat dengan interaksi obat potensial dianalisis menggunakan metode chi-square.

    Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan 70 pasien dengan 77 kunjungan rawat inapyang masuk dalam kriteria inklusi. Pola penggunaan obat paling banyak adalah golongan antihipertensi (29,7%), golongan antiangina (16,1%), dan golongan antiaritmia (14,5%). Jumlah seluruh interaksi obat potensial sebanyak 311 interaksi dengan tingkat keparahan interaksi moderate (66,2%), minor (19,9%), dan major (13,8%). Mekanisme interaksi terdapat farmakodinamik (52,4%), tidak diketahui (27,3%), dan farmakokinetik (20,3%). Jenis obat yang paling banyak berinteraksi adalah nitrogliserin dengan spironolakton (5,9%) dengan tingkat keparahan moderate dan mekanisme interaksi farmakodinamik. Hubungan interaksi yang dapat disimpulkan adalah tidak adanya hubungan antara jenis kelamin, usia, komorbid, komplikasi, lama rawat inap, maupun kondisi pulang dengan kejadian interaksi obat potensial (p>0,05). Sedangkan hubungan antara jumlah obat dan kejadian interaksi obat potensial terdapat hubungan (p<0>

    Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a disease that has a high mortality rate in the world. More than half of CHF patients have comorbidities, which result in having to take many drugs and this causes the possibility of drug interactions. The purpose of this study was to determine the treatment pattern, description of potential drug interactions, and the relationship between potential drug interactions and length of hospitalization.

    The research design used in this study was cross-sectional with retrospective data collection using medical records of CHF patients hospitalized during January-December 2023 who had been selected using purposive sampling. This study was conducted at Salatiga City Regional General Hospital. The description of potential drug interactions was obtained using Lexicomp. Data on patient characteristics, number of potential drug interactions, severity of drug interactions, mechanism and management of potential drug interactions and patient clinical outcomes were analyzed descriptively. While the relationship between patient characteristics, length of hospitalization, and number of drugs with potential drug interactions was analyzed using the chi-square method.

    The results of this study obtained 70 patients with 77 inpatient visits that were included in the inclusion criteria. The most common drug use pattern was antihypertensive group (29.7%), antianginal group (16.1%), and antiarrhythmic group (14.5%). The total number of potential drug interactions was 311 interactions with moderate (66.2%), minor (19.9%), and major (13.8%) interaction severity. The mechanism of interaction was pharmacodynamic (52.4%), unknown (27.3%), and pharmacokinetic (20.3%). The most common type of drug interaction was nitroglycerin with spironolactone (5.9%) with moderate severity and pharmacodynamic interaction mechanism. The interaction relationship that can be concluded is that there is no relationship between gender, age, comorbidities, complications, length of hospitalization, or discharge conditions with the incidence of potential drug interactions (p>0.05). While the relationship between the number of drugs and the incidence of potential drug interactions there is a relationship (p<0>

Kata Kunci : CHF, interaksi obat, rawat inap