Pengaruh Media Tanam Tanah Bekas Pertambangan Emas terhadap Anatomi dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kangkung Darat (Ipomoea aquatica Forssk. var. aquatica)
Asti Widyastuti, Dr. Maryani, M.Sc
2025 | Tesis | S2 Biologi
Industrial activities cause soil to become polluted and infertile. One of the activities that causes soil to become polluted is mining. This study aims to determine the effect of ex-gold mining soil planting media on the anatomy and growth and accumulation of metals in water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forssk. var. aquatica). This study used 5 different planting media, namely 100% ready-to-use organic planting media (P1), ready-to-use organic planting media and ex-gold mining planting media with a ratio of 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3 (P2-P4) and 100% ex-gold mining planting media (P5). The parameters observed in this study were growth parameters including plant height, root volume, number of leaves, leaf color, leaf area, chlorophyll content, dry weight of roots and shoots, and wet weight of roots and shoots. Anatomical parameters of the roots included root diameter, epidermis thickness, cortex thickness, endodermis thickness and stele area. Leaf anatomical parameters include epidermis thickness, mesophyll thickness, vascular bundle thickness, chlorophyll content, stomata density and size, and metal accumulation parameters in leaves and plant roots. Quantitative data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with a confidence level of 95%. The results of the study obtained were a decrease in plant growth parameters, such as plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, root volume, root wet weight, root dry weight, crown wet weight, and crown dry weight at P5. In the root anatomy of P5, the formation of aerenchyma and stele was found to form xylem rays. The size of the leaves at P5 decreased, the thickness of the epidermal cell walls increased but the transport tissue (xylem and phloem) appeared narrow or underdeveloped. Based on the analysis, the roots were the organs that accumulated the most heavy metals, including mercury (Hg), with a higher root BCF value than the leaves. The leaf part showed lower accumulation, which was reflected in the Transfer Factor (TF) value which was less than 1 indicating that the plants tended to undergo phytostabilization.
Kata Kunci : Aktivitas Pertambangan, Anatomi, Kangkung Darat, Pertumbuhan