Karakteristik Hubungan Early Chilhood Caries (ECC) dengan Tinggi dan Berat Badan Anak di TK Masjid Kampus UGM

Rachel Hamada Fahira, drg. Nunuk Purwanti, M.Kes., Ph.D.; drg. Trianna Wahyu Utami, MDSc, Ph.D.

2024 | Skripsi | PENDIDIKAN DOKTER GIGI

Kondisi satu atau lebih gigi karies, gigi tanggal karena karies, dan atau gigi yang telah direstorasi pada anak di bawah 6 tahun didefinisikan sebagai Early Childhood Caries (ECC). Karies anak dapat menyebabkan nyeri yang mengganggu fungsi pengunyahan sehingga berdampak buruk pada pola makan anak. Ketidakseimbangan antara asupan gizi dengan kebutuhannya dapat menyebabkan perubahan status gizi yang menjadi pertanda adanya pola pertumbuhan abnormal atau malnutrisi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui karakteristik hubungan Early Childhood Caries (ECC) dengan tinggi dan berat badan anak di TK Masjid Kampus UGM.

Penelitian dengan desain studi cross-sectional telah dilakukan pada 63 anak usia 3-5 tahun di TK Masjid Kampus UGM. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan total sampling melalui pemeriksaan karies gigi yang diklasifikasikan berdasarkan tipe ECC dan mengukur tinggi serta berat badan secara langsung pada partisipan penelitian. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu uji korelasi Spearmann-Rho.

Distribusi frekuensi data menunjukkan sebagian besar anak prasekolah di TK Masjid Kampus UGM mengalami ECC. Mayoritas anak termasuk dalam kategori status gizi TB/U dan BB/U yang normal. Karakteristik hubungan Early Childhood Caries (ECC) dengan tinggi badan anak di TK Masjid Kampus UGM negatif, sedangkan dengan berat badan positif, namun keduanya tidak signifikan secara statistik.

A condition characterized by the presence of one or more decayed teeth, teeth lost due to decay, and/or restored teeth in children under the age of six is defined as Early Childhood Caries (ECC). Childhood caries can cause pain that disrupts chewing function, adversely affecting a child's nutrition intake. An imbalance between nutritional intake and the child's needs can lead to changes in nutritional status, indicating abnormal growth patterns or malnutrition. This study aims to identify the characteristics of the relationship between Early Childhood Caries (ECC) to the height and weight of children at Masjid Kampus UGM Kindergarten.

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 63 preschool children at Masjid Kampus UGM Kindergarten. Data was collected using total sampling, involving dental caries examinations classified based on the type of ECC, as well as direct measurement of the participants' height and weight. Data analysis was performed using the Spearman-Rho correlation test.

The frequency distribution of data showed that most preschool children at Masjid Kampus UGM Kindergarten experienced ECC. The majority of children had normal nutritional status based on height-for-age (HFA) and weight-for-age (WFA) categories. The characteristic of the relationship between Early Childhood Caries (ECC) and children’s height of children at the Masjid Kampus UGM Kindergarten is negative, while the relationship with weight is positive, but both are statistically insignificant.

Kata Kunci : tinggi badan, berat badan, ECC, anak prasekolah