Efektivitas Penambahan Berbagai Konsentrasi Nanofiber Sisal (Agave sisalana) Pada Daya Antibakteri Kalsium Hidroksida Terhadap Streptococcus sanguinis

Andini Puspo Sari, Dr. drg. Tunjung Nugraheni, M.Kes., Sp.KG., Subsp.KE(K); Dr. drg. Yulita Kristanti, M.Kes., Sp.KG., Subsp.KR(K)

2024 | Skripsi | PENDIDIKAN DOKTER GIGI

Kalsium hidroksida (Ca(OH)2) merupakan bahan sterilisasi saluran akar yang bersifat alkali dengan pH tinggi (12,5-12,8). Sifat antimikroba kalsium hidroksida bekerja dengan cara mengubah integritas struktur membran sitoplasma, denaturasi protein, dan merusak DNA bakteri yang menginfeksi saluran akar. Kalsium hidroksida tidak sepenuhnya efektif terhadap beberapa bakteri yang tahan dalam lingkungan alkali seperti Streptococcus sanguinis. Nanofiber sisal merupakan nanofiber yang berasal dari tanaman sisal (Agave sisalana) yang memiliki kandungan antimikroba seperti flavonoid, tanin, dan alkaloid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan berbagai konsentrasi nanofiber sisal pada daya antibakteri kalsium hidroksida terhadap Streptococcus sanguinis.

Pembuatan nanofiber sisal melalui tahap alkalisasi, bleaching, dan ultrasonikasi. Metode pengujian daya antibakteri yang digunakan adalah metode difusi menggunakan media Mueller Hinton Agar sebanyak 10 cawan petri. Tiap cawan petri ditanamkan bakteri Streptococcus sanguinis dengan standard McFarland 0,5 yaitu 1,5 x 108 CFU/ml dan dibuat sumuran berjumlah 3 dengan diameter 4,5 mm. Kelompok I diberikan kalsium hidroksida tanpa penambahan nanofiber sisal, kelompok II diberikan kalsium hidroksida dengan penambahan nanofiber sisal 1%, dan kelompok III diberikan kalsium hidroksida dengan penambahan nanofiber sisal 1,5%. Seluruh cawan petri diinkubasi selama 48 jam dalam suhu 37oC. Zona hambat tiap kelompok yang berupa area bening sekitar sumuran diukur menggunakan sliding caliper dengan ketelitian 0,001 mm.

Hasil uji ANAVA satu jalur menunjukkan angka probabilitas 0,93 atau p>0,05, berarti tidak ada pengaruh antara penambahan nanofiber sisal pada daya antibakteri kalsium hidroksida terhadap Streptococcus sanguinis.

Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) is an alkaline root canal sterilization agent with a high pH (12.5-12.8). The antimicrobial properties of calcium hydroxide work by changing the structural integrity of the cytoplasmic membrane, denaturing proteins, and damaging the DNA of bacteria that infect root canals. Calcium hydroxide is not completely effective against some bacteria that are resistant to alkaline environments such as Streptococcus sanguinis. Sisal nanofiber is a nanofiber derived from the sisal plant (Agave sisalana) which contains antimicrobials such as flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids. This research aims to determine the effect of adding various concentrations of sisal nanofiber on the antibacterial power of calcium hydroxide against Streptococcus sanguinis.

The production of sisal nanofibers goes through the stages of alkalization, bleaching and ultrasonication. The antibacterial power testing method used was the diffusion method using 10 Petri dishes using Mueller Hinton Agar. Each petri dish was implanted with Streptococcus sanguinis with the McFarland standard 0.5, namely 1.5 x 108 CFU/ml and 3 wells were made with a diameter of 4,5 mm. Group I was given calcium hydroxide without the addition of sisal nanofiber, group II was given calcium hydroxide with the addition of 1% sisal nanofiber, and group III was given calcium hydroxide with the addition of 1.5% sisal nanofiber. All petri dishes were incubated for 48 hours at 37oC. The inhibition zone for each group in the form of a clear area around the well was measured using a sliding caliper with an accuracy of 0.001 mm.

The results of the one-way ANOVA test showed a probability figure of 0.93 or p>0.05, meaning that there was no effect found between the addition of sisal nanofiber on the antibacterial power of calcium hydroxide against Streptococcus sanguinis.

Kata Kunci : nanofiber, sisal, Agave sisalana, daya antibakteri, antibacterial power, kalsium hidroksida, calcium hydroxide, Streptococcus sanguinis