KINERJA PERTUMBUHAN DAN EKONOMI SAPI BRAHMAN CROSS (BX) PASCASAPIH DENGAN SKEMA KEMITRAAN PT. X DI KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR, JAWA TENGAH

Danny Adhi Pratomo, Prof. Ir. Panjono, S.Pt., M.P., Ph.D., IPM., ASEAN Eng. ; Prof. Dr. Ir. Tri Anggraeni Kusumastuti, S.P., M.P., IPM.

2024 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja pertumbuhan dan ekonomi sapi Brahman cross (BX) pascasapih dengan skema kemitraan PT. X di Kabupaten Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan sapi lepas sapih, umur 6 bulan, sebanyak 200 ekor sapi. Sapi dipelihara pada kandang tambat oleh 40 orang peternak dengan skala pemeliharaan 5 ekor. Bahan pakan yang digunakan adalah jerami padi, rumput raja, dan konsentrat komersial. Pemeliharaan dilakukan selama 12 bulan. Data yang diambil meliputi konsumsi pakan harian dan bobot sapi. Kinerja pertumbuhan diukur dari konsumsi pakan yang meliputi konsumsi bahan kering (BK), bahan kering per bobot badan (BK/BB), konsumsi protein kasar (PK) dan konsumsi total digestible nutrient (TDN), pengukuran average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), dan feedcost per gain (FCG). Kinerja ekonomi diukur dengan pendekatan analisis gross margin pada satu periode produksi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif dengan mengukur  nilai rerata, standar deviasi, serta nilai minimal dan maksimal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sapi BX pasca sapih mempunyai konsumsi BK, BK/BB, PK, dan TDN masing-masing sebesar 5,57±0,60 Kg/hari, 3,51±0,56%, 10,08±0,84%, dan 54,60±2,31%. Konsumsi BK dan BK/BB lebih besar, namun konsumsi PK dan TDN lebih kecil dibandingkan standar NRC (2016). Nilai ADG, FCR, dan FCG berturut-turut adalah sebesar 0,56±0,05 kg/hari, 4,33±1,81 dan Rp 24.029,84,41±2.359,47. Hasil ADG penelitian ini lebih tinggi dari target NRC (2016) dan FCR lebih rendah meskipun FCGnya lebih tinggi dari penelitian sebelumnya. Hasil kinerja ekonomi memperoleh nilai BEP unit sebesar 4,35 ekor per peternak dan nilai gross margin sebesar Rp.2.868.424,04±941.064,62 per ekor. Hasil kinerja ekonomi menunjukkan hasil positif yang berarti usaha pemeliharaannya menguntungkan. Disimpulkan bahwa pembesaran sapi BX pascasapih dengan skema kemitraan PT.X di Kabupaten Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah memiliki kinerja pertumbuhan yang baik dan menguntungkan secara ekonomi.

The aim of this research was to determine the growth and economic performance of post-weaning Brahman cross (BX) cattle using the PT.X partnership scheme in Karanganyar Regency, Jawa Tengah. Two hundred head of post-weaning BX cattle aged 6 months were used in this research. The cattle are kept in a tethering pen by 40 farmers and each farmer has 5 cattle. The feed ingredients used were rice straw, king grass and commercial concentrates. Animals were raised for 12 months.  The data collected included daily feed consumption and body weight. Growth performance was measured from feed consumption including dry matter (DM), dry matter per body weight (DM/BW), crude protein (CP) consumption and total digestible nutrient (TDN) intakes, as well as average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and feed cost per gain (FCG). Economic performance was measured using a gross margin analysis approach on one production period cycle. The data obtained was analyzed descriptively quantitatively to determine the mean, deviation standard, as well as minimum and maximum values. The results showed that BK, BK/BB, PK and TDN intake of BX cattle were 5,57±0,60 kg/day, 3.51±0.56%, 10.08±0.84% and 54.60±2.31%, respectively. The DM and BK/BB intakes were higher than the 2016 NRC standard, but CP and TDN intakes were lower than the 2016 NRC standard. The ADG, FCR and FCG of BX cattle were 0.56±0.05 kg/day, 4.33±1.81 and 24,029.84±2,359.47 IDR, respectively. The ADG results of this study were higher than the NRC target (2016) and the FCR was lower even though the FCG was higher than the previous study. The economic performance results obtained a BEP unit value of 4.35 heads per smallholders and a gross margin value of 2,868,424.04 ± 941,064.62 IDR per head. The economic performance was shown a positive results, which means that the post-weaning BX cattle rearing was profitable. It is concluded that post-weaning BX cattle with the PT.X partnership scheme in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java, has a good growth performance and economically profitable.

Kata Kunci : Kinerja Pertumbuhan, Pascasapih, Sapi Brahman Cross