Pengaruh Suhu dan Waktu Pengeringan terhadap Aktivitas Antidiabetes Rumput Laut Cokelat (Sargassum hystrix)

BICHER MAHBUGE, Prof. Dr. Amir Husni, S.Pi., M.P.

2024 | Skripsi | TEKNOLOGI HASIL PERIKANAN

Sargassum hystrix diketahui mengandung senyawa polifenol yang dapat berperan sebagai anti-diabetes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan suhu dan waktu pengeringan yang optimal untuk menjaga aktivitas antidiabetes Sargassum hystrix. S. hytrix dikeringkan pada suhu 40 derajat celcius, 50 derajat celcius dan 60 derajat celcius selama 4, 6, dan 8 jam. Ekstrak S. hystrix diuji total fenolik, florotanin dan aktivitas penghambatan ?-glukosidase. Ekstrak S.hystrix dengan aktivitas inhibisi tertinggi diidentifikasi kandungan senyawanya menggunakan Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Hasil menunjukkan kandungan fenolik tertinggi pada suhu pengeringan 40 derajat celcius selama 4 jam (80,75±0,05 mgGAE/g) dan terkecil pada suhu pengeringan 60 derajat celcius selama 8 jam (58,95±0,20 mgGAE/g). Kandungan florotanin tertinggi pada suhu pengeringan 40 derajat celcius selama 4 jam (53.450±441.36 ppm) dan terkecil pada suhu pengeringan 60 derajat celcius selama  8 jam (18.237±83.86 ppm). Aktivitas penghambatan enzim ?-glukosidase yang melebihi akarbosa (IC50 = 271.54±39.71 ppm) yaitu suhu pengeringan 40 derajat celcius selama 4 jam (IC50 = 42.87±3.07 ppm). Senyawa yang diduga berperan sebagai penghambat enzim ?-glukosidase pada ekstrak S. hystrix (A1B1) dari analisis GC-MS antara lain ?-Asarone, 3,4-Dihydroxymandelic acid, 4TMS derivative, Homovanillyl alcohol, 2TMS derivative, 3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propionic acid, 2TMS derivative, 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3TMS derivative, 1-Monopalmitin, 2TMS derivative, 7-Hexadecenoic acid, methyl ester, (Z)-, 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, 2-hydroxyethyl est, Oleic acid, butyl ester, 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, 2TBDMS derivative, Diallyl sulfide dan Protocatechoic acid, 3TMS derivative. Hasil ini menunjukkan ekstrak S. hystrix (A1B1) potensial sebagai penghambat enzim ?-glukosidase.

Sargassum hystrix is known to contain polyphenol compounds that can act as anti-diabetic. This study aims to determine the optimal drying temperature and time to maintain the antidiabetic activity of Sargassum hystrix. S. hystrix was dried at 40 degree celcius, 50 degree celcius and 60 degree celcius for 4, 6, and 8 hours. S. hystrix extracts were tested for total phenolic, phlorotannin and ?-glucosidase inhibitory activities. The S. hystrix extract with the highest inhibitory activity was identified for its compound content using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed the highest phenolic content at 40 degree celcius drying temperature for 4 hours (80.75±0.05 mgGAE/g) and the smallest at 60 degree celcius drying temperature for 8 hours (58.95±0.20 mgGAE/g). The phlorotannin content was highest at 40 degree celcius for 4 hours (53,450±441.36 ppm) and smallest at 60 degree celcius for 8 hours (18,237±83.86 ppm). The ?-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory activity that exceeds acarbose (IC50 = 271.54 ± 39.71 ppm) is drying temperature 40 degree celcius for 4 hours (IC50 = 42.87 ± 3.07 ppm). Compounds that are thought to play a role as inhibitors of ?-glucosidase enzyme in S. hystrix extract (A1B1) from GC-MS analysis include ?-Asarone, 3,4-Dihydroxymandelic acid, 4TMS derivative, Homovanillyl alcohol, 2TMS derivative, 3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propionic acid, 2TMS derivative, 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoicacid, 3TMS derivative, 1-Monopalmitin, 2TMS derivative, 7-Hexadecenoic acid, methyl ester, (Z)-, 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, 2-hydroxyethyl est, Oleic acid, butyl ester, 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, 2TBDMS derivative, Diallyl sulfide and Protocatechoic acid, 3TMS derivative. These results indicate that S. hystrix extract (A1B1) has potential as an inhibitor of ?-glucosidase.

Kata Kunci : Sargassum hystrix, polifenol, florotanin, aktivitas penghambat enzim ?-glukosidase, IC50