Kemampuan keuangan daerah Kabupaten Merauke dalam melaksanakan otonomi daerah, 1999/2000-2003

MARYANI, Sis, Dr. Budiono Sri Handoko, MA

2004 | Tesis | Magister Ekonomika Pembangunan

Kabupaten Merauke sebagai daerah otonom dalam menyelenggarakan otonomi daerah perlu mengidentifikasi segala potensi keanekaragaman yang dimiliki, guna menggali sumber pendapatan asli daerah. Hal tersebut mengandung harapan dapat mengurangi tingkat ketergantungan daerah terhadap pemerintah pusat sehingga dalam penelitian mengangkat masalah “Sejauhmana kemampuan keuangan daerah Kabupaten Merauke dalam melaksanakan otonomi daerah”. Hasil analisis berdasarkan data Tahun Anggaran 1999/2000 – 2003 menunjukkan tingkat kemampuan Pendapatan Asli Daerah dalam membiayai belanja rutin daerah tercermin dalam perhitungan indek kemampuan rutin rata-rata dalam lima tahun terakhir sebesar 13,60 %, sehingga termasuk kriteria sangat kurang. Demikian pula derajat otonomi fiskal yang dihitung dari kontribusi Pendapatan Asli Daerah terhadap Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah ratarata dalam lima tahun terakhir sebesar 9,98 %, hal tersebut menunjukkan kriteria sangat kurang. Efektivitas Pendapatan Asli Daerah dengan membandingkan antara realisasi dengan targetnya, menunjukkan hasil rata-rata selama kurun waktu lima tahun terakhir sebesar 210,44 %, tergolong sangat efektif. Tingkat elastisitas Pendapatan Asli Daerah terhadap Produk Domestik Regional Bruto selama lima tahun terakhir rata-rata sebesar 34,22 tergolong kriteria sangat elastis. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten Merauke sangat kurang mampu membiayai kebutuhan rutinnya, meskipun tingkat efektivitasnya cukup tinggi. Demikian pula kontribusi Pendapatan Asli Daerah terhadap Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah sangat kurang meskipun tingkat elastisitas terhadap pertumbuhan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto bersifat sangat elastis.

Merauke regency, as an autonomy, in realizing autonomy needed to identify all its potential diversities to get the source of locally generated revenue. It aimed to decrease the dependency level of the region to the central government. Therefore, this research chose the problem “How far the region financial capability of Merauke Regency in implementing the autonomy”. The result that based the budget year 1999/2000 until 2003 pointed out the capability level of Locally Generated Revenue in financing routine region budget seen on the calculation of the routine capability index for the last five years was about 13,60; therefore, included in the very minus criteria. Furthermore, the fiscal autonomy level calculated from the contribution of the Locally Generated Revenue to the Region Income and Budget for the last five years was about 9,98. It showed that the criterion was very minus. On the other hand, comparing the realization of the Effectiveness of the Locally Generated Revenue and its target gave the average result for the last five years in the amount of 210,44. It included in very effective. The elasticity level of the Locally Generated Revenue to the Gross Regional Domestic Product for the last five years was about 34,22 and included in the criteria very elastic. The conclusion of this research was that the Locally Generated Revenue of Merauke Regency was not able to finance its routine needs although the level of its effectiveness was high. Moreover, the contribution of the Locally Generated Revenue to the Region Income and Budget was very minus although the elasticity for the growth of the Gross Regional Domestic Product was very elastic.

Kata Kunci : Keuangan Daerah,Otonomi Daerah