Diagnosis dan Terapi Otitis Eksterna pada Kucing di Yogyakarta

Yudistira, Prof. Dr. drh. Soedarmanto Indarjulianto; Dr. drh. Dwi Priyowidodo, M.P.

2024 | Tesis | S2 Sain Veteriner

Otitis eksterna adalah inflamasi pada saluran telinga eksternal yang sering dijumpai pada kucing yang dapat disebabkan oleh bakteri, fungi atau parasit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gejala klinis, gambaran hematologi, agen penyebab, dan terapi kucing yang mengalami otitis eksterna. Penelitian ini menggunakan 20 ekor kucing  domestik mapun ras dengan umur ?6 bulan dengan berat badan 2 hingga 5 kilogram yang didiagnosis suspek otitis eksterna berdasarkan gejala klinis. Semua kucing diperiksa secara legeartis meliputi anamnesa, pemeriksaan fisik, dilanjutkan dengan pemeriksaan laboratorik terhadap sampel darah dan ear serumen. Setelah didiagnosis otitis eksterna kucing diberi terapi kausatif, yaitu antibiotik kloramfenikol 1?n ivermektin 0,02?lam bentuk tetes telinga selama 14 hari, antifungi itrakonazol secara oral dengan dosis 5 mg/kgbb selama 7 hari. Khusus kucing bunting, pemberian ivermectin diganti dengan selamectin dengan dosis 5 mg/kgBB. Data yang dihasilkan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kucing penderita otitis eksterna memiliki gejala klinis berupa telinga kotor (100%), pruritus (100%), purulent/leleran nanah di telinga (80%), penurunan nafsu makan (75%), dan demam (20%). Otitis eksterna lebih banyak diderita oleh kucing jantan (70%) dibandingkan kucing betina (30%). Hasil hematologi didapatkan anemia (75%), polisitemia (15%), leukositosis (45%), leukopenia (10%), neutrofilia (50%), neutropenia (15%), limfositopenia (70%), monositosis (20%), monositopenia (15%), eosinopenia (25%), dan eosinofilia (20%). Hasil identifikasi agen penyebab otitis eksterna adalah bakteri (100%), ektoparasit tungau Otodectes cynotis (65%), fungi (50%), dan kontaminan semut (5%). Hasil terapi 16 ekor kucing sembuh, 2 ekor kucing tidak terdeteksi, dan 2 ekor kucing mati. Disimpulkan bahwa kucing penderita otitis eksterna menunjukkan gejala klinis dan hematologi yang bervariasi, dominan mengalami anemia, dan lebih banyak diderita oleh kucing jantan yang disebabkan oleh berbagai agen patogen. Terapi kausatif terbukti efektif (88,9%) dalam mengobati sebagian besar kasus otitis eksterna pada kucing.

Otitis externa is found in cats that can be caused by bacteria, fungi or parasites. This study aims to determine the clinical symptoms, hematologic features, causative agents, and therapy of cats with otitis externa. This study used 20 domestic and purebred cats aged ?6 months and weighing 2 to 5 kilograms that were diagnosed with suspected otitis externa based on clinical symptoms. All cats were examined legeartically including history taking, physical examination, followed by laboratory examination of blood and ear cerumen samples. After diagnosis of otitis externa, cats were given causative therapy, namely antibiotics chloramphenicol 1% and ivermectin 0.02% in the form of ear drops for 14 days, antifungal itraconazole orally at a dose of 5 mg / kg for 7 days. For pregnant cats, ivermectin was replaced with selamectin at a dose of 5 mg/kg BW. The resulting data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that cats with otitis externa had clinical symptoms such as dirty ears (100%), pruritus (100%), purulent pus in the ear (80%), decreased appetite (75%), and fever (20%). Otitis externa was more common in male cats (70%) than female cats (30%). Hematology results obtained anemia (75%), polycythemia (15%), leukocytosis (45%), leukopenia (10%), neutrophilia (50%), neutropenia (15%), lymphocytopenia (70%), monocytosis (20%), monocytopenia (15%), eosinopenia (25%), and eosinophilia (20%). The results of identifying the causative agent of otitis externa were bacteria (100%), ectoparasitic mite Otodectes cynotis (65%), fungi (50%), and ant contaminants (5%). The results of therapy were 16 cats recovered, 2 cats were undetectable, and 2 cats died. It was concluded that cats with otitis externa showed variable clinical and hematologic symptoms, predominantly anemia, and were predominantly affected by males caused by various pathogenic agents. Causative therapy proved effective (88.9%) in treating most cases of otitis externa in cats.

Kata Kunci : Diagnosis, kucing, terapi, otitis eksterna