Addition of CuO and ZnO Nanoparticles to Composted Sewage Sludge and Its Use as Fertilizer for Rice Cultivation: Effects on Rice Nutrition and Human Health Risks

ROSITA AFIFAH, Dr. Ir. Muhammad Nur Cahyanto, M.Sc.; Prof. Toru Watanabe

2024 | Skripsi | TEKNOLOGI PANGAN & HASIL PERTANIAN

Nanopartikel oksida logam telah mendapat perhatian lebih di berbagai bidang. Jenis nanopartikel (NP) ini memiliki sifat fisiokimia unik yang berpotensi menyebabkan efek buruk pada organ, jaringan, seluler, dan subseluler. Lahan pertanian sebagai penerima utama nanopartikel oksida logam melalui pengolahan limbah air kota, khususnya lumpur limbah secara tidak langsung.

Nanopartikel oksida logam ZnO dan CuO adalah NP terpenting yang menunjukkan sifat pencampuran zat logam dan nanopartikel (Rajput et al., 2020). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki efek nanopartikel tembaga oksida (CuO NPs) dalam lumpur limbah kompos (CSS), nanopartikel seng oksida (ZnO NPs), dan kombinasi ZnO dan CuO NP terhadap nutrisi beras dan kontaminasi logam beras untuk menilai risiko kesehatan yang terkait dengan konsumsi beras yang terkontaminasi melalui penggunaan CSS.

CuO NPs, ZnO NPs, dan kombinasi ZnO dan CuO NPs ditambahkan pada CSS dengan konsentrasi yang lebih rendah dari batas regulasi yang ditentukan, yaitu 1700 mg kg-1 Cu dan 3500 mg kg-1 Zn. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan nanopartikel CuO dan nanopartikel ZnO serta kombinasi keduanya meningkatkan serapan fosfor (P) dan translokasinya ke dalam butiran beras yang diikuti dengan penurunan serapan seng (Zn) dan tembaga (Cu), juga logam berat lain sehingga mengurangi potensi risiko kesehatan akibat akumulasi logam berat.

Metal oxide nanoparticles have received increasing attention in various fields, but these kinds of nanoparticles (NPs) possess unique physiochemical properties that can potentially induce adverse effects on organ, tissue, cellular, subcellular, and protein level. Agricultural land can stand as a primary recipient of discharged metal oxide nanoparticles, this metal oxide nanoparticle can enter the agriculture system through municipal wastewater treatment, particularly the sewage sludge indirectly.

Metal oxide NPs ZnO and CuO are the most important NPs that exhibit a blending property of metallic substances and nanoparticle (Rajput et al., 2020). This study aimed to investigate the effects of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) in composted sewage sludge (CSS), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and the combination of ZnO and CuO NPs on rice nutritions to assess the health risks associated with consuming CuO NPs and ZnO NPs contaminated rice produced by CSS amendment. 

CSS was treated with the addition of CuO NPs, ZnO NPs, and the combination of ZnO NPs and CuO NPs. CuO and ZnO NPs were added at concentrations lower than the regulatory safety limit of 1750 mg kg-1 Cu and 4000 mg kg-1 Zn. The results show that the addition of CuO nanoparticles and ZnO nanoparticles, as well as their combination, increased phosphorus (P) uptake and translocation into the rice grain. which is followed by a decrease in the absorption of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu), as well as other heavy metals, thereby reducing potential health risks due to heavy metal accumulation.

Kata Kunci : Nanopartikel oksida logam, lumpur limbah kompos, logam berat, nilai gizi, potensi risiko kesehatan