Effectiveness And Direct Medical Cost Analysis Of Metformin-Based Dual Combination Therapy For Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Outpatient
I Kadek Suardiana, Dr. apt. Dwi Endarti, M.Sc. ; Asst. Prof. Tuangrat Phodha, B.Pharm, PhD.
2024 | Tesis | Magister Manajemen Farmasi
Penelitian
ini didasarkan pada desain retrospektif observasional, dilakukan secara multisenter
di RSUD Bali Mandara, RSUD Wangaya Denpasar, dan RSUD Sanjiwani Gianyar. Data
diekstraksi dari catatan rumah sakit pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 rawat
jalan selama periode Januari 2021 hingga Desember 2023. Variabel bebas dalam
penelitian ini adalah jenis terapi obat kombinasi yang digunakan, dan variabel
terikat adalah efektivitas terapi dan biaya medis langsung. Tes
statistik untuk analisis data.
Hasil penelitian
sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi adalah 100 pasien yang terdiri dari 63
pasien dengan regimen metformin-glimepiride, 7 pasien dengan regimen metformin-gliclazide,
9 pasien regimen metformin-gliquidone, 17 pasien regimen metformin-acarbose,
dan 4 pasien regimen metformin-sitagliptin. Tidak terdapat perbedaan secara
statistic terhadap ketercapaian terapi terhadap perbedaan regimen (p>0,05).
Faktor yang paling mempengaruhi ketercapaian terapi adalah IMT (p value:
0,001; OR: 0,237 CI:0,099-0,570) dengan probabilitas pasien dengan BMI ? 25
kg/m2 untuk mencapai target terapi sebesar 8,8%. Dari segi
biaya, terdapat perbedaan secara statistik terhadap total biaya medis langsung
(p<0>± 723,277/pasien/empat
bulan terapi. Prediktor yang paling mempengaruhi total biaya medis langsung
adalah regimen terapi, jenis kelamin dan usia. Persamaan regresi
linier yang didapatkan adalah y = 739,799.063 + 164.046,079 (X1 sebagai
gender) + 202.044,523 (X2 sebagai usia) + 819.481,616 (X3 sebagai
regimen terapi metformin-sitagliptin) dengan nilai adjusted R2 is
0,173.
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that the number of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, will reach 21,3 million by 2030. In Indonesia, these recommendations are guided by the regulation of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. In specific cases, such as having an HbA1c value ? 7,5% or intolerance to monotherapy, metformin-based combination therapy as a second-line treatment may be used. The use of these medications is certainly related to economic factors. The healthcare cost for T2DM medications in Indonesia are quite high, necessitating a cost analysis in addition to evaluating effectiveness.
This study is based on a retrospective observational design, conducted multicenter at Bali Mandara Hospital, Wangaya Denpasar Hospital, and Sanjiwani Gianyar Hospital. Data was extracted from the outpatient records with T2DM from January 2021 to December 2023. The independent variable in this study is the type of combination therapy used, while the dependent variables are therapy effectiveness and direct medical costs. Statistical test was performed to analysis data.
The study sample that met the inclusion criteria consisted of 100 patients: 63 patients with the metformin-glimepiride regimen, 7 patients with the metformin-gliclazide, 9 patients with the metformin-gliquidone, 17 patients with the metformin-acarbose regimen, and 4 patients with the metformin-sitagliptin regimen. There was no statistically significant difference in therapy achievement and factor affect the effectiveness is Body Mass Index (BMI) (p value: 0,001; OR: 0,237 CI:0,099-0,570) with probability of patients with BMI ? 25 kg/m2 to achieving target is 8,8%. In terms of costs, there was a statistically significant difference in total direct medical costs (p<0 xss=removed>739,799.063 + 164.046,079 (X1 as gender) + 202.044,523 (X2 as age) + 819.481,616 (X3 as regimens metformin-sitagliptin) with adjusted R2 is 0,173.
Kata Kunci : Effectiveness, Direct Medical Cost, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Metformin, Combination-Therapy.