PENGENDALIAN HAYATI DENGAN Bacillus sp. dan Trichoderma sp. UNTUK MENEKAN PERKEMBANGAN PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense) PISANG DI LAPANGAN

ARKHAN MOHAMAD FATEH, Dr. Ir. Arif Wibowo, M.Agr.Sc. ; Tri Joko, S.P., M.Sc., Ph.D

2024 | Skripsi | ILMU HAMA & PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN

Buah pisang menjadi produk buah terbesar yang ada di Indonesia. Namun dalam praktik budidaya, petani menghadapi tantangan terkait pengelolaan penyakit layu fusarium. Penyakit tersebut disebabkan patogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc). Penggunaan agens hayati seperti Bacillus sp. dan Trichoderma sp. diharapkan mampu menjadi alternatif pengendalian layu fusarium. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi Bacillus sp. dan Trichoderma sp. pada lahan pertanian dalam menekan insidensi dan intensitas penyakit, pengaruh Bacillus sp. dan Trichoderma sp.  terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman serta pengaruh Bacillus sp. dan Trichoderma sp. terhadap populasi total Fusarium spp. dalam tanah. Perlakuan yang dilakukan adalah pengaplikasian Bacillus sp. isolat Tlg-4 setiap 2 minggu setelah penanaman selama 4 bulan, pengaplikasian Trichoderma sp. hanya diawal penanaman dan pengaplikasian Trichoderma sp. yang diulang setiap 1 bulan selama 4 bulan. Hingga bulan ke-4 pengamatan belum muncul gejala penyakit layu fusarium sehingga belum dapat diketahui pengaruh pengaplikasian Bacillus sp. dan Trichoderma sp. dalam menekan perkembangan penyakit layu fusarium pisang di lapangan. Pada pengamatan pertumbuhan tanaman pisang, perlakuan Bacillus sp. dan Trichoderma sp. tidak memiliki pengaruh nyata terhadap kontrol. Aplikasi Bacillus sp. dan Trichoderma sp. yang ditambahkan setiap bulan signifikan menekan populasi total Fusarium spp. dalam tanah.

Bananas are the largest fruit crop in Indonesia. However, in cultivation practices, farmers face challenges related to managing fusarium wilt disease. This disease is caused by the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc). The use of biological agents such as Bacillus sp. and Trichoderma sp. is expected to be an alternative control method for fusarium wilt. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of Bacillus sp. and Trichoderma sp. application in agricultural fields on reducing the incidence and intensity of the disease, the effect of Bacillus sp. and Trichoderma sp. on plant growth, and the effect of Bacillus sp. and Trichoderma sp. on the total population of Fusarium spp. in the soil. The treatments conducted include the application of Bacillus sp. isolate Tlg-4 every two weeks after planting for four months, the application of Trichoderma sp. only at the beginning of planting, and the application of Trichoderma sp. repeated every month for four months. Until the fourth month of observation, no symptoms of fusarium wilt disease had appeared, making it impossible to determine the effect of Bacillus sp. and Trichoderma sp. application on the development of fusarium wilt disease in bananas in the field. In observations of banana plant growth, Bacillus sp. and Trichoderma sp. treatments had no significant effect compared to the control. The application of Bacillus sp. and Trichoderma sp. repeated every month significantly reduced the total population of Fusarium spp. in the soil.

Kata Kunci : pisang, layu fusarium, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, Bacillus sp.