FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI KEMISKINAN RUMAH TANGGA TANI DI SEKITAR YOGYAKARTA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

Fulkananda Luqmana Mustofa, Arif Wahyu Widada, S.P., M.Sc.; Muh Amat Nasir, S.P., M.Sc.

2024 | Skripsi | SOS.EK. PERTANIAN (AGROBISNIS)

INTISARI

 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui tingkat kemiskinan rumah tangga tani, (2) kedalaman kemiskinan rumah tangga tani, (3) keparahan kemiskinan rumah tangga tani, serta (4) faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kemiskinan rumah tangga tani di sekitar Yogyakarta International Airport. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel dipilih dengan metode simple random sampling dan lokasi ditentukan dengan purpose sampling. Jenis data adalah data primer yang diperoleh dari 40 responden yang didukung dengan berbagai data sekunder yang relevan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara menggunakan kuisioner, dan studi pustaka. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu (1) perhitungan kemiskinan menurut kriteria BPS Kulon Progo, Sajogyo, Bank Dunia, Asian Development Bank (ADB), dan Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), (2) indeks kedalaman kemiskinan dan (3) indeks keparahan kemiskinan, (4) analisis regresi linier berganda metode OLS (ordinary least square), sedangkan untuk mengetahui ketimpangan pendapatan digunakan metode perhitungan Indeks Gini, kurva Lorenz, dan kriteria Bank Dunia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) tingkat kemiskinan rumah tangga tani menurut Kriteria BPS Kulon Progo sebesar 20%, Bank Dunia (World Bank) sebesar 20%, Asian Development Bank (ADB) sebesar 27,5%, dan Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) sebesar 20% tergolong tinggi, sedangkan menurut Sajogyo sebesar 7,5% tergolong sedang, 2) kedalaman kemiskinan rumah tangga tani tergolong rendah, 3) keparahan kemiskinan rumah tangga tani tergolong rendah, 4) pendidikan, kepemilikan aset, serta penanaman tanaman pangan dan hortikultura berpengaruh terhadap penurunan kemiskinan rumah tangga tani, sedangkan faktor jumlah anggota rumah tangga tani berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan kemiskinan rumah tangga tani.

 

 

Kata kunci: kemiskinan, kedalaman kemiskinan, keparahan kemiskinan, ketimpangan pendapatan, Indeks Gini, Kurva Lorenz, rumah tangga tani.

ABSTRACT

 

This study aims to: (1) determine the poverty level of farming households, (2) assess the depth of poverty among farming households, (3) evaluate the severity of poverty in farming households, and (4) identify factors influencing poverty in farming households around Yogyakarta International Airport. The research employs a descriptive analysis method with a quantitative approach. Samples were selected using simple random sampling, and locations were determined through purposive sampling. Primary data were collected from 40 respondents, supplemented by relevant secondary data. Data collection methods included interviews using questionnaires and literature review. The analysis methods used were: (1) poverty calculations according to criteria from BPS Kulon Progo, Sajogyo, World Bank, Asian Development Bank (ADB), and Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), (2) poverty depth index, (3) poverty severity index, and (4) multiple linear regression analysis using OLS (ordinary least square) method. Income inequality was assessed using the Gini Index, Lorenz curve, and World Bank criteria. Results show that: 1) poverty rates among farming households were high according to BPS Kulon Progo (20%), World Bank (20%), ADB (27,5%), and FAO (20%) criteria, while moderate (7,5%) according to Sajogyo's criteria; 2) the depth of poverty among farming households was low; 3) the severity of poverty among farming households was low; 4) education, asset ownership, and cultivation of food crops and horticulture contributed to poverty reduction in farming households, while the number of household members contributed to increased poverty in farming households.

 

Keywords: poverty, poverty gap, poverty severity, income inequality, Gini Index, Lorenz Curve, farming households.

Kata Kunci : kemiskinan, kedalaman kemiskinan, keparahan kemiskinan, ketimpangan pendapatan, Indeks Gini, Kurva Lorenz, rumah tangga tani.