Atas Nama Konservasi Sumbu Filosofi: Reorganisasi Ruang dan Konsolidasi Ekonomi-Politik di Yogyakarta
ALDI HAYDAR MULIA, Dr. Luqman-nul Hakim, M. A.
2024 | Skripsi | Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
This article discusses the conservation dynamics of the Cosmological Axis of Yogyakarta that has been inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in September 2023. The conservation was planned at least since 2010, involving heritage inventorisation conducted by experts, and physical restoration in various heritage sites in Yogyakarta long before the axis was officially nominated as a World Heritage Site in 2017. However, one notable case of the conservation takes place amid the mass eviction of people who had resided along the Benteng area. It must be noted that the land inside and across Benteng belongs to Kraton, hence the people’s inability to negotiate the eviction process and its financial compensation. Mass relocation also happened to the pedestrian sellers of Malioboro who were told in short notice to relocate in 2022.
Utilising Lefebvre’s perspective of “production of space,” this article attempts to construe the conservation of the Cosmological Axis of Yogyakarta as space reorganisation and political-economy consolidation by the Provincial Government of the Special Region of Yogyakarta to further asserts one of its special authority, spatial layout that was given by the Yogyakarta Specialness Law (YSL) of 2012. UNESCO’s recognition of Yogyakarta’s spatial layout, with Kasultanan as the heritage guardian, could be used to arrange the spatial layout according to the Provincial Government’s interest to garner economic gains from cultural and tourism affairs. Moreover, the recognition could also open up an argument to expand Special Funds from the Central Government, given Yogyakarta’s limited economic leeways.
On the other hand, the conservation of the Cosmological Axis could be troublesome for the people of Yogyakarta. The conservation is prone to gentrification, since there are many housing and commerce built upon the Sultan Ground (SG) and Paku Alam Ground (PAG) that might not be renewed should the landowners deem it so. Meanwhile, the haunting images of inequality and poverty are at risk of persisting if the government’s business-oriented mindset continues. It is not news, however, as other examples of heritage-making in UNESCO World Heritage Sites resemble the technocratic, elitist, and nondemocratic heritage practices.
Kata Kunci : Sumbu Filosofi, Warisan Dunia, UNESCO, reorganisasi ruang, konsolidasi ekonomi-politik