Kehadiran Anjing Domestik (Canis familiaris) Dan Karnivora Kecil Di PT Alam Bukit Tigapuluh Sebagai Penyangga Taman Nasional Bukit Tigapuluh

NURITRA MUTIA CINDANI, Dr. rer.silv Muhammad Ali Imron S.Hut, M.Sc

2024 | Skripsi | KEHUTANAN

Anjing domestik (Canis familiaris) merupakan salah satu hewan peliharaan yang paling umum dan banyak dipelihara di dunia dan merupakan satu-satunya famili Canidae yang telah didomestikasi. Anjing domestik tidak hanya ditemukan di kawasan pemukiman manusia, tetapi juga seringkali dapat dijumpai di kawasan hutan. Keberadaan anjing domestik melimpah di muka bumi dan berpotensi menimbulkan dampak besar terhadap karnivora lain. Kawasan Restorasi Ekosistem (RE) PT. Alam Bukit Tigapuluh yang berperan sebagai penyangga Taman Nasional Bukit Tigapuluh menjadi habitat bagi anjing domestik dan karnivora kecil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tumpang tindih spasial dan waktu aktif antara anjing domestik (Canis familiaris) dengan karnivora kecil.

Penelitian ini memanfaatkan hasil rekaman survei camera trap di Kawasan Restorasi Ekosistem PT Alam Bukit Tigapuluh yang bekerjasama dengan tim riset camera trap World Wildlife Fund – Indonesia. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah data rekaman kehadiran serta waktu terekam anjing domestik dan karnivora kecil. Analisis spasial dilakukan menggunakan model one season two species cooccurrence dengan software Presence. Analisis temporal dilakukan menggunakan package overlap dengan software R-Studio.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perjumpaan anjing domestik hadir sangat sedikit dan saling independen dengan beberapa spesies karnivora kecil, diantaranya Arctictis binturong, Pardofelis marmorata, dan Prionailurus bengalensis. Namun, anjing domestik memiliki tumpang tindih waktu aktif dengan karnivora kecil dengan intensitas yang berbeda-beda pada tiap spesies. Menjaga Kawasan Lanskap Bukit Tigapuluh dengan patroli pengamanan oleh Divisi Pengamanan dan Perlindungan Hutan (PPH) penting dilakukan untuk memastikan kehadiran anjing domestik tidak menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap keberadaan karnivora kecil di dalam kawasan hutan.

Domestic dog (Canis familiaris) is one of the most common and widely kept pets in the world and is the only family of Canidae that has been domesticated. Domestic dog are not only found in human settlements, but can also often be found in forest area. The presence of domestic dog on Earth has the potential to have a major impact on other carnivores. PT Alam Bukit Tigapuluh Ecosystem Restoration (RE) area, which acts as a buffer for Bukit Tigapuluh National Park, is a habitat for domestic dog and small carnivores. This study aims to determine the spatial overlap and active time overlap between domestic dog (Canis familiaris) and small carnivores.

The research utilises camera trap survey recordings in the PT Alam Bukit Tigapuluh in collaboration with the World Wildlife Fund - Indonesia camera trap research team. The data used in the study were the recorded presence and time of domestic dog and small carnivores. Spatial analysis was conducted using the one season two species co-occurrence model with Presence software. Temporal analysis was conducted using the overlap package with R-Studio software.

The Results showed that domestic dog encounters were few and mutually independent with several small carnivore species, including Arctictis binturong, Pardofelis marmorata, and Prionailurus bengalensis. However, domestic dog overlapped in active time with small carnivores with varying intensity across species. Safeguarding the Bukit Tigapuluh Landscape Area with security patrols by the Forest Security and Protection Division (PPH) is important to ensure that the presence of domestic dogs does not have a negative impact on the presence of small carnivores in the forest area.

Kata Kunci : Anjing Domestik, Karnivora Kecil, Restorasi Ekosistem, Tumpang Tindih Spasial, Tumpang Tindih Temporal, Domestic Dog, Small Carnivore, Ecosystem Restoration, Spatial Overlap, Temporal Overlap