Pengaruh Hidrolisat Tepung Bulu Ayam sebagai Sumber Protein Alternatif dalam Pakan Buatan terhadap Imunitas Non–Spesifik Humoral Ikan Nila (Oreochromis sp.)

ELMA TANTIOVA, Prof. Dr. Ir. Alim Isnansetyo, M.Sc.

2024 | Skripsi | BUDIDAYA PERIKANAN

Potensi budidaya ikan nila semakin besar seiring dengan meningkatnya permintaan pasar. Hal ini mengakibatkan meningkatnya kebutuhan pakan ikan. Bahan baku pakan yang paling mahal adalah bahan baku sumber protein yang merupakan produk impor. Salah satu alternatif untuk mengurangi biaya pakan adalah dengan substitusi bahan pakan dengan limbah bulu ayam. Bulu ayam dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan untuk pakan ikan karena memiliki kandungan protein tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian hidrolisat tepung bulu ayam sebagai alternatif sumber protein dalam pakan buatan terhadap respon imun non-spesifik humoral ikan nila (Oreochromis sp.). Metode penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan perlakuan yang diberikan yakni dosis 0% (P1) sebagai kontrol negatif, 5% (P2), 10% (P3), dan 15% (P4). Frekuensi pemberian pakan dilakukan 3 kali sehari dengan dosis 3?ri biomassa. Parameter respon imun non-spesifik humoral yang diamati meliputi superoksida dismutase (SOD), lisozim, aktivitas antibakterial serum, aglutinasi alami, dan total protein plasma (TPP). Kondisi fisiologis ikan diamati dengan parameter hematokrit dan leukokrit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pakan dengan pemberian tepung bulu ayam yang dihidrolisis menggunakan enzim bromelin dengan dosis 0%, 5%, 10%, dan 15% meningkat secara signifikan (P<0>

The potency of tilapia culture has been increasing due to the rising market demand. This is directly correlated with the increase in demand for fish feed. The primary feed ingredient, a protein source, is predominantly imported and tends costly. The alternative to reduce feed costs is by substituting feed ingredients with chicken feather. Chicken feathers can be utilized as a feed ingredient for fish due to high protein content. This study aimed to investigate the effects of feeding hydrolyzed chicken feather meal as an alternative protein source in artificial diets on the non-specific humoral immune response of tilapia (Oreochromis sp.). The experimental design used in this research was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with treatments included 0% (P1) as a negative control, 5% (P2), 10% (P3), and 15% (P4). Fish were fed three times a day at 3% of feeding rate. Non-specific humoral immune parameters that observed were superoxide dismutase (SOD), lysozyme, serum bactericidal activity, natural agglutination, and total protein plasma (TPP). Hematocrit and leukocrit were used as physiological indicators. The results showed that feeding with chicken feather meal hydrolyzed using bromelain enzyme at doses of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% significantly increased the non-specific humoral immune system of tilapia on lysozyme, but decreased the value of Total Plasma Protein (TPP), while the parameters of superoxide dismutase (SOD), serum bactericidal activity, natural agglutination, total plasma protein (TPP) did not significantly affected by the treatments. The hematocrit and leukocrit of nile tilapia with chicken feather meal indicated healthy conditions.

Kata Kunci : imun non-spesifik humoral, bulu ayam, ikan nila