Peran nilai ajaran Islam terhadap kesejahteraan subjektif remaja Islam

DIPONEGORO, Muhammad, Promotor Prof.Dr. Sumadi Suryabrata, MA.,EdS

2004 | Disertasi | S3 Psikologi

Penelitian tentang kesejahteraan subjektif umumnya dilakukan terhadap subjek dewasa. Akhir-akhir ini riset terhadap remaja mulai dilakukan. Penelitian terhadap remaja dipercaya berguna dengan munculnya berbagai persoalan remaja, seperti penggunaan obat terlarang, kekerasan remaja, kehamilan remaja, dan stresor negatif Ketidakpuasan sering dikaitkan dengan depresi, cemas, dan interaksi negatif terhadap teman. Sebaliknya individu dengan kesejahteraan subjektif tinggi berkaitan dengan hasil yang positif, seperti self esteem yang tinggi, konsep diri, dan penguasaan diri. Agama merupakan salah satu variabel yang diyakini berhubungan positif terhadap kesejahteraan subjektif. Agama dianggap berguna karena dapat mewujudkan dukungan sosial, dan koping aktif yang keduanya dapat memberikan sumbangan yang bermakna terhadap kesehatan mental, kesejahteraan subjektif, dan kepuasan yang tinggi terhadap kehidupan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk: (1) mengetahui peran pengetahuan ajaran Islam terhadap nilai ajaran Islam, (2) peran nilai ajaran Islam terhadap kesejahteraan subjektif remaja Islam, (3) untuk memahami perbedaan nilai ajaran Islam dan kepuasan hidup antara remaja Islam yang belajar di MA negeri dan MA swasta, serta remaja Islam yang tinggal di pesantren dan di luar pesantren. Jumlah subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 207 siswa MA dari kelas 2 MA provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Ada dua macam data dalam penelitian ini (1) jawaban siswa terhadap tes pengetahuan ajaran Islam yang dianalisis dengan program iteman version 3.00 (2) kwesenair digunakan untuk mengukur kepuasan hidup, afek, dan nilai ajaran Islam remaja islam.. Structural equation Modelling, korelasi kanonik, dan anava dua jalur digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) model yang menunjukkan adanya pengaruh pengetahuan ajaran Islam terhadap nilai ajaran Islam tidak mendapat dukungan dalam penelitian ini. (1) pengetahuan ajaran Islam dan nilai ajaran Islam baik secara individu maupun bersama-sama berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan hidup dan afek (2) Terdapat perbedaan antara nilai ajaran Islam dan kepuasan hidup remaja Islam yang belajar di MA negeri dan swasta, serta remaja Islam yang tinggal di pesantren dan di luar pesantren. Mereka yang belajar di MA negeri lebih tinggi nilai ajaran Islam dan kepuasan hidupnya dibandingkan mereka yang belajar di MA swasta, sedang remaja yang belajar di pesantren lebih tinggi nilai ajaran Islam dan kepuasan hidupnya dibandingkan dengan remaja yang tinggal di luar pesantren. Pesantren masih merupakan tempat yang baik untuk meningkatkan nilai ajaran Islam dan kepuasan hidup remaja Islam.

Although the majority of subjective well being research has used adult and gerontological samples, research has recently begun assessing the construct among adolescents as well. Such research is believed to be especially meaningful considering that the presence of relevant harmful behaviors (e.g., drug use, youth violence, teenage pregnancy, and negative stressors (e.g., peer conflicts, dependence from parents. Dissatisfaction with life has been linked to a variety of social-emotional difficulties including depression, anxiety, negative peer interactions, and chemical abuse. Conversely, high subjective well being has been sssociated with a variety of positive outcomes including high self-esteem, self-concept , and self-mastery. One variable theoretically linked to subjective well being (although largely escaping empirical attention) are religiousity. Religiosity involves social supports. it was a neglected and is now considered a key component of positive mental health religiosity has also been conceptualized as an important Contributor to an individual's satisfaction with their life. The purposes of research were (1) the role of the Islamic religious knowledge toward religious value (1) to examine the role of the student Islamic religious value toward their subjective well being (2) to understand the religiousity and subjective well being differences between students of Madrasah Aliyah Pesantren and students of Madrasah Aliyah outside boarding house, and the differences between the students who studied in public school and private school. The subjects of this research were 207 students from 2nd class at MA Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta province. There were 2 kinds of the data (1) students answer of the Islamic knowledge test, that were analyzed by iteman program version 3.00 (2) Questionnaire is used to reveal student’s satisfaction, affect and Islamic value. Path analysis, Canonical correlation and two way anava were applied to analyze the data. The result of this study indicated that The model that support of effect of Islamic religious knowledge toward religious value was not fit (1) Islamic religious value and subjective well being were correlated positively and significantly. (2) there was difference in Islamic value and life satisfaction between pesantren student and non-pesantren students and between the adolescents who studied in public and private school The pesantren students have higher score than the non pesantren students also the public school students have higher score than private school. Pesantren is still the best place to study religion, and to enhance life satisfaction for the muslim adolescents.

Kata Kunci : Psikologi,Remaja Islam,Nilai Ajaran,Kesejahteraan Subyektif