Pengaruh Berat Minimal Buah Apel Yang Dikunyah Setelah Makan Wafer Cokelat Terhadap Skor Plak Gigi Pada Anak Usia 10-12 Tahun

APTIKA MIRELLA, drg. Ignatius Sulistyo Jatmiko, M.Kes., Sp.KGA.; drg. Shoimah Alfa Makmur, MDSc., Sp.KGA.

2024 | Skripsi | ILMU KEPERAWATAN GIGI

Akumulasi plak gigi menjadi salah satu faktor risiko karies gigi. Akumulasi plak gigi pada anak dapat disebabkan karena kebiasaan konsumsi makanan kariogenik seperti wafer cokelat. Mengunyah buah berserat seperti apel termasuk metode kontrol plak gigi secara mekanik dan kimiawi. Semakin banyak buah apel yang dikunyah, maka semakin banyak penurunan skor plak gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berat minimal buah apel yang dikunyah setelah makan wafer cokelat terhadap penurunan skor plak gigi pada anak usia 10-12 tahun.

Penelitian eksperimental semu ini dilakukan di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 2 Sleman Yogyakarta. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 28 anak dengan rentang usia 10-12 tahun. Jumlah subjek dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok, masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 7 anak. Masing-masing kelompok diberi perlakuan mengunyah buah apel dengan berat 25 gram, 50 gram, 75 gram, dan makan wafer cokelat tanpa mengunyah buah apel, kemudian dilakukan crossover. Perhitungan skor plak dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan menggunakan indeks PHP-M modifikasi Martens dan Meskin. Data skor plak kemudian dianalisis dengan Kruskal-Wallis dan Post Hoc (p<0>

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata dan standar deviasi selisih skor plak sebelum dan sesudah mengunyah 25 gram buah apel 11,68 ± 3,10; mengunyah 50 gram buah apel 17,46 ± 4,09; mengunyah 75 gram buah apel 26,96 ± 6,88; makan wafer cokelat tanpa mengunyah buah apel -10,96 ± 6,57. Hasil analisis Kruskal-Wallis menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan secara signifikan pada semua kelompok (p<0>Post Hoc menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan skor plak antar kelompok (p<0>

Dental plaque accumulation is a risk factor for dental caries. The accumulation of dental plaque in children can be caused by the habit of consuming cariogenic foods such as chocolate wafers. Chewing fibrous fruit such as apples is a mechanical and chemical method of controlling dental plaque. The more apples you chew, the more your dental plaque score will decrease. This study aims to determine the minimum weight quantity of apples chewed after eating chocolate wafers to reduce dental plaque scores in children aged 10-12 years.

This quasi-experimental research was conducted at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 2 Sleman Yogyakarta. The research subjects were 28 children with an age range of 10-12 years. The number of subjects was divided into 4 groups, each group consisting of 7 children. Each group was treated with chewing apples weighing 25 grams, 50 grams, 75 grams, and eating chocolate wafers without chewing the apple, then crossover was carried out. Plaque score calculations were carried out before and after treatment using the Martens and Jenisn modified PHP-M index. Plaque score data was then analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Post Hoc (p<0>

The results showed that the mean and standard deviation of the difference in plaque scores before and after chewing 25 grams of apple was 11.68 ± 3.10; chewing 50 grams of apple 17.46 ± 4.09; chewing 75 grams of apple 26.96 ± 6.88; eating chocolate wafers without chewing apples -10.96 ± 6.57. The results of the Kruskal-Wallis analysis showed that there were significant differences in all groups (p<0>Post Hoc test showed that there were differences in plaque scores between groups (p<0>

Kata Kunci : Mengunyah buah apel, Berat minimal buah apel, Makan wafer cokelat, Penurunan skor plak gigi.