Ketangguhan Pesantren di masa Pandemi
MAYA FITRIA, Prof. Drs. Koentjoro Soeparno, MBSc., Ph, D., Psikolog; Dr. Yuli Fajar, M.Si., Psikolog
2024 | Disertasi | DOKTOR ILMU PSIKOLOGI
Resilience
is the ability to rise from an unpleasant, even threatening condition through
an excellent ability to adapt from failure through difficult times. The study
of resilience is diverse in objects and contexts, ranging from individuals,
communities, organizations, and even communities. According to the researchers,
resilience results from the dynamics of the theoretical concepts of individual,
community, educational, and social systems resiliency. This research aims to
understand the concept and dynamics of the process and the source of the
resilience of the trainees. The study uses a qualitative method called the
grounded theory ethnography (GTE) approach to obtain an overview of the
dynamics of the participant's resilience version by minimizing the elements of
context and resources available in the pesantren. Participants in the study
were four pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) from Bantul district of
Yogyakarta Provincial Region of Istimewa consisting of 6 kiai/nyai (the
scholars of pesantren) (interviews), 20 teachers (FGD), ten student/santri
caregivers (FGD), 15 santri (students) (FGD), three COVID-19 task force
coordinators (interview), 26 students’ parents (google form questioner) and one
village government element (interview). The results of this study conclude that
the resilient pesantrens during the COVID-19 pandemic are the pesantrens who
can survive the COVID-19 epidemic with all its internal and external dynamics
and remain able to act as educational institutions, da’wah institutions, as well
as social institutions bringing the elements of the pesantren traditions while
being open to policies and information from outside the pesantren. Pesantrens
build his resilience by considering the presence of four aspects, namely trust,
obedience, preservation of tradition, and openness (open-minded). These four
aspects are interconnected by the reciprocal relationship pattern between trust
and obedience and the semipermeable relationship patterns between keeping
tradition and open-mindedness. Semipermeability between keeping tradition and
openness is a representation of the principle al muhafadzotu ala al qodim al
sholih wa al akhdu bi al jadid al ashlah (keep the old one which is still good
and take the new one which is better). The resilience strategy of pesantren to
trust by considering preserving tradition and openness is communication,
transparency, constraint, updated or constantly updated information, and
altruistic voluntarism (khidmah).
Kata Kunci : resilience; community resilience; pesantren; pandemic