Modernisasi Kereta Api Komuter Yogyakarta-Surakarta, 1994 – 2023
GALEN SOUSAN AMORY, Baha’ Uddin, M.Hum.
2024 | Skripsi | ILMU SEJARAH
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah
melalui proses penelusuran sumber primer berupa surat kabar, dan sejarah lisan
berupa wawancara, serta menggunakan sumber sekunder. Dengan demikian dapat
diketahui bahwa modernisasi kereta api komuter membawa dampak positif secara
sosial dan ekonomi bagi masyarakat. Penggunaan kereta api komuter
Yogyakarta-Surakarta dipengaruhi oleh klasifikasi sosial-ekonomi. Kelas
menengah atas, terutama pekerja dan penglaju, adalah pengguna utama yang
mengandalkan kereta setiap hari. Kelas menengah menggunakan kereta lebih
jarang, tergantung pada situasi tertentu, sementara kelas menengah ke bawah
lebih memilih transportasi alternatif seperti bus karena keterbatasan teknologi
dan preferensi pribadi. Hal ini mencerminkan adanya kesenjangan dalam adopsi
teknologi transportasi di antara kelompok sosial-ekonomi yang berbeda. Modernisasi
secara tidak langsung menerapkan disiplin waktu, terciptanya ruang sosial, dan
perubahan budaya serta etika penumpang. Pada sisi ekonomi, juga memperlancar
kegiatan pariwisata di Yogyakarta dan Surakarta serta adanya pertumbuhan
ekonomi lokal di wilayah stasiun kecil.
The regions of
Yogyakarta and Surakarta show similarities in their characteristics as centers
of culture, education and tourism. Yogyakarta is known as a student city while
Surakarta is known as a cultural city. This situation has led to increased
interaction and mobility between the two cities. With the distance between the
two regions being around 60 km, of course a mode of land transportation is
needed that can cut time efficiently, such as commuter trains. The presence of
commuter trains is a real manifestation of modernization and innovation in the
world of Indonesian railways. Commuter trains were first introduced via the
White Horse Diesel Rail Train (KRD) in 1963 by PNKA. The presence of KRD Kuda
Putih is an early milestone in the modernization of commuter trains on the Yogyakarta-Surakarta
route by introducing efficient short-distance transportation services,
connecting the two cities in a short time, and affordable ticket prices. Then,
in steps to modernize commuter trains, in 1994 the Prambanan express (Prameks)
and KRL Lin Yogyakarta-Surakarata were operated in 2021. This modernization
reflects a commitment to continue to improve the quality of transportation
services, especially commuter transportation in Indonesia.
This research
uses historical research methods through the process of tracing primary sources
in the form of newspapers, and oral history in the form of interviews, as well
as using secondary sources. Thus it can be seen that the modernization of
commuter trains has had a positive social and economic impact on society. The
use of the Yogyakarta-Surakarta commuter train is influenced by socio-economic
classification. The upper middle class, especially workers and commuters, are
the main users who rely on trains every day. The middle class uses trains less
frequently, depending on the particular situation, while the lower middle class
prefer alternative transportation such as buses due to technological
limitations and personal preferences. This reflects the gap in the adoption of
transportation technology between different socio-economic groups.
Modernization indirectly applies time discipline, creates social space, and
changes passenger culture and ethics. On the economic side, it also facilitates
tourism activities in Yogyakarta and Surakarta as well as local economic growth
in small station areas.
Kata Kunci : Kereta Api, Komuter, Modernisasi, Yogyakarta, Surakarta, Prameks, KRL