Manajemen Risiko Usaha Tani Kopi Robusta di Desa Benowo Kecamatan Bener Kabupaten Purworejo

DWINITA AGUSTIANA, Arini Wahyu Utami, Ph.D.; Prof.Dr.Ir.Masyhuri

2024 | Tesis | S2 Magister Manj.Agribisnis

Desa Benowo, Kecamatan Bener, Kabupaten Purworejo merupakan daerah penghasil kopi spesialti berjenis robusta dengan sistem perkebunan agroforestri kompleks. Sistem penanaman kopi melibatkan banyak jenis tanaman. Pengetahuan petani dalam budidaya kopi robusta sesuai GAP rendah. Akibatnya, terdapat risiko produksi dan pendapatan pada agribisnis kopi robusta di Desa Benowo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) Membandingkan tingkat risiko produksi dan pendapatan petani kopi robusta yang menerapkan GAP kopi dan tidak; (2) Mengidentifikasi risiko yang terdapat dalam agribisnis kopi robusta; (3) Merumuskan mitigasi risiko agribisnis kopi robusta. Terdapat 39 petani responden yang diperoleh secara sensus. Lokasi penelitian dipilih secara purposive dengan pertimbangan penghasil kopi spesialti kategori excellent dengan skor uji cita rasa sebesar 80,75.  Data yang dianalisis merupakan data dari Juli 2021 hingga Juli 2022. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, FGD, observasi dan dokumentasi. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran. Risiko produksi dan pendapatan dianalisis secara kuantitatif menggunakan koefisien variasi (CV) dan kualitatif yaitu mengidentifikasi risiko yang dipetakan pada model House of Risk (HOR). Berdasarkan nilai koefisien variasi menurut luas lahan dengan sistem budidaya kopi sesuai GAP sebesar 0,44 dan sistem budidaya tidak sesuai GAP bernilai 1,03, sedangkan berdasarkan jumlah pohon nilai CV pada budidaya kopi sesuai GAP sebesar 0,52 dan tidak sesuai GAP sebesar 0,69. Tingkat risiko sistem budidaya kopi sesuai GAP lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan sistem budaya tidak sesuai GAP. Begitupun, risiko pendapatan  dengan sistem budidaya kopi sesuai GAP sebesar 0,76, sedangkan tidak sesuai GAP bernilai 0,94. Dihasilkan empat agen risiko prioritas dan dirumuskan sembilan mitigasi risiko berdasarkan tingkat kesulitan implementasi dan keefektifan sumber daya yang dimiliki petani.

Benowo Village, Bener District, Purworejo Regency is an area producing specialty Robusta coffee with a complex agroforestry plantation system. The coffee planting system involves many types of plants. Farmers' knowledge in cultivating Robusta coffee according to GAP is low. As a result, there are risks of production and income in the Robusta coffee agribusiness in Benowo Village. This study aims to: (1) Compare the level of risk of production and income of Robusta coffee farmers who apply coffee GAP and those who do not; (2) Identify the risks contained in the Robusta coffee agribusiness; (3) Formulate risk mitigation for the Robusta coffee agribusiness. There were 39 respondent farmers obtained through a census. The research location was selected purposively with the consideration of specialty coffee producers in the superior category with a taste test score of 80.75. The data analyzed were data from July 2021 to July 2022. Data were collected through interviews, FGDs, observations and documentation. This research approach uses a mixed method. Production and income risks were analyzed quantitatively using the coefficient of variation (CV) and qualitatively, namely the identification of risks mapped on the House of Risk (HOR) model. Based on the coefficient of variation value according to land area with a coffee cultivation system according to GAP of 0.44 and a cultivation system not according to GAP is 1.03, while based on the number of trees the CV value for coffee cultivation according to GAP is 0.52 and not according to GAP is 0.69. The risk level of the coffee cultivation system according to GAP is lower than the culture system not according to GAP. Likewise, the income risk with a coffee cultivation system according to GAP is 0.74, while not according to GAP is 0.94. Four priority risk agents were generated and nine risk mitigations were formulated based on the level of difficulty of implementation and the effectiveness of the resources owned by farmers.

Kata Kunci : Agen Risiko, Kopi Spesialti, Mitigasi Risiko, Risiko Produksi, Risiko Pendapatan