Hubungan asupan energi dengan kebugaran jasmani peserta senam aerobik wanita di Sanggar Senam Kota Medan

SARAGIH, Sairi M, Abidillah Mursid, SKM.,M.Kes

2004 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang: Senam aerobik merupakan salah satu cara latihan fisik (olahraga). Dalam melakukan latihan fisik memerlukan asupan energi seimbang yang diperoleh dari zat gizi karbohidrat, lemak, dan protein untuk menjaga tubuh supaya tetap sehat, mencapai serta mempertahankan status gizi normal dan kebugaran jasmani yang optimal. Di Medan (Sumatera Utara), telah banyak berdiri sanggar-sanggar senam untuk melakukan latihan fisik. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan energi dengan kebugaran jasmani peserta senam aerobik wanita di sanggar senam Kota Medan. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini bersifat observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional pada sampel wanita peserta senam aerobik, umur 18 tahun ke atas, jumlah 96 orang. Variabel penelitian terdiri dari asupan energi, status gizi , kebugaran jasmani, umur, merokok, kadar Hb, frekuensi latihan, lama latihan, dan suplemen. Analisis univariat secara deskriptif meliputi frekuensi dan persentase, analisis bivariat dengan uji Regressi Linear Sederhana dan analisis multivariat dengan uji Regressi Linear Berganda Metode Backward. Hasil: Tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan energi dengan kebugaran jasmani(p = 0,101). Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan energi dengan status gizi(p = 0,014), pada asupan energi kurang ke normal arah hubungan negatif (semakin meningkat asupan energi maka semakin menurun status gizi), pada asupan energi normal ke lebih arah hubungan positif (semakin meningkat asupan energi maka semakin meningkat status gizi). Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi dengan kebugaran jasmani(p = 0,000), pada status gizi kurang ke normal arah hubungan positif (semakin meningkat status gizi maka semakin meningkat kebugaran jasmani), pada status gizi normal ke lebih arah hubungan negatif(semakin meningkat status gizi maka semakin menurun kebugaran jasmani). Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan energi dengan kebugaran jasmani. Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan energi dengan status gizi. Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi dengan kebugaran jasmani.

Background : Aerobic is one kind of physical exercises. Physical exercise activity needs balanced energy intake taken from carbohydrate, fats, protein to keep the body health, attain and sustain well nourished status, and attain maximum physical fitness. In Medan ( North Sumatera), there gymnastic centers offering has been many physical exercises. Objective : The study was proposed to know the correlation of energy intake with physical fitness of women aerobic members in Medan gymnastic centers. Methods : This study was observational research with cross sectional design. Subjects were 96 gymnastic members aged more than 18 years old. Variables were energy intake, nutritional status, physical fitness, age, smoking, Hb level, exercise frequency, length of exercise, and supplement. The data were analysed used Univariate analysis (frequency and percentage), Bivariate analysis with Simple Linear Regression and Multivariate analysis using Backward Method´s with Multi Linear Regression. Results : There was no significant correlation between energy intake with physical fitness (p = 0,101). There was significant correlation between energy intake with nutritional status (p = 0,014), if energy intake from less to normal have negative correlation (while energy intake increase, nutritional status will be decrease), if energy intake from normal to over have positive correlation (while energy intake increase, nutritional status will be increase). There was significant correlation between nutritional status with physical fitness(p = 0,000), if nutritional status from less to normal have positive correlation (while nutritional status increase, physical fitness will be increase), if nutritional status from normal to over have negative correlation (while nutritional status increase, physical fitness will be decrease). Conclusion : There was no significant correlation between energy intake with physical fitness. There was significant correlation between energy intake with nutritional status. There was significant correlation between nutritional status with physical fitness.

Kata Kunci : Gizi dan Kesehatan,Kebugaran Jasmani,Asupan Energi, Energy intake, Nutritional Status, Physical Fitness.