Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan status gizi anak balita di Kecamatan Kertak Hanyar Kabupaten Banjar Propinsi Kalimantan Selatan

IKHWANSYAH, Toto Sudargo, SKM.,M.Kes

2004 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang : Status gizi kurang merupakan masalah yang belum dapat diatasi. Masalah tersebut ditentukan oleh beberapa faktor seperti pengetahuan, pendidikan, pekerjaan, jumlah anggota keluarga, sikap ibu terhadap balita, status imunisasi, asupan makanan, akses terhadap pelayanan kesehatan, sikap petugas dan sanitasi rumah . Di Kabupaten Banjar prevalensi gizi kurang pada anak balita masih cukup tinggi yaitu 21,5%-30,5%. Tujuan Penelitian : Untuk mengetahui hubungan karakteristik keluarga, karakteristik balita, akses terhadap sarana kesehatan dan sanitasi rumah dengan status gizi anak balita. Metode penelitian : Observasional, dengan rancangan cross sectional. Sampel adalah anak balita yang berumur 6-59 bulan yang berada di wilayah kecamatan Kertak Hanyar. Pemilihan sampel secara proporsional, setiap desa memperoleh kesempatan yang sama untuk dijadikan subjek penelitian. Status gizi menggunakan standar baku WHO-NCHS, data karakteristik keluarga, karakteristik balita, akses terhadap pelayanan kesehatan dan sanitasi rumah dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan telah diuji coba, sedang asupan makanan melalui recall 3 hari makanan yang dikonsumsi balita. Untuk menggambarkan hubungan antara variabel penelitian dengan menggunakan uji regresi dan kai kuadrat. Hasil Penelitian : Tidak terdapat hubungan antara pendidikan, sikap ibu terhadap balita, akses terhadap sarana kesehatan, sikap petugas, jumlah anak dan sanitasi rumah dengan status gizi balita. Yang berhubungan secara bermakna P<0,05 yaitu pengetahuan, pekerjaan, status imunisasi dan asupan makanan. Kesimpulan : Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pendidikan, jarak, sanitasi rumah, jumlah anggota keluarga, tindakan ibu terhadap balita dengan status gizi anak balita, sedangkan untuk pengetahuan, pekerjaan, asupan makanan, dan status imunisasi berhubungan secara bermakna dengan status gizi anak balita.

Background: Undernutrition is important problem because its effect to quality of human resources. Undernutrition caused by several factor such us family, acces to health care facilities and environment. In Banjar district, South Kalimantan Province, prevalency of undernutrition is still high aboout 21,5%-30,5% Objective: This research was conducted to study several factors that have relationship with nutritional status of baby under five years old in Kertak Hanyar sub district, In Banjar district, South Kalimantan province Methods: This was observational study, with cross-sectional design. The sample of this research is baby under five years old with an age range in 6-59 months, which lived in Kertak Hanyar sub district region. The sample selection with proportionally, each village had same chance to be a subject of research. The nutritional status used WHO-NCHS standard, data of household characteristics, baby under five years old characteristics, access to health care facility and house’s sanitation was collected through interview with used questionnaire which passed in try out, while meal feeding through recall of food that consumed by baby under five years old in 3 days. To illustrate/figure the correlation between research variable by used regression test and chi square. Result: There was no relationship between education, maternal attitude, workers attitude, distence to health care facility, number of household member and house’s sanitation with nutritional status of baby under five years old. There was significant relationship (P<0,05) between knowledge, intake nutrion, occupation and imunitation status with nutritional status of baby under five years old Conclusions: There is no significant correlation between education, access to health care facility, house’s sanitation, number of household member, mother’s act to baby under five years old, with nutritional status of baby under five years old, while for knowledge, occupation, meal feeding, and immunization status have significant correlation with nutritional status of baby under five years old.

Kata Kunci : Gizi Anak Balita, Faktor Status Gizi, Nutritional status, baby under five years old, Kertak Hanyar sub district