Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan keikutsertaan ibu balita pada Posyandu di Kabupaten Kepulauan Riau

RINALDY, Rizal, Ir. I Made Alit Gunawan, MSi

2004 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang : Pentingnya peranserta masyarakat dalam pembangunan kesehatan telah diakui oleh semua pihak. Peranserta masyarakat dari tahun ke tahun menunjukkan penurunan yang signifikan. Secara nasional tingkat peranserta masyarakat ke Posyandu hanya mencapai 50,5% dan cakupan peranserta masyarakat di Propinsi Riau tahun 2002 mencapai 51,64%. Sementara di Kabupaten Kepulauan Riau berdasarkan laporan tahun 2003 tingkat peranserta masyarakat merupakan yang tertinggi di Propinsi Riau yaitu 85,85%. Tujuan Penelitian : untuk mengetahui kontribusi faktor keluarga/individu/ Posyandu dan masyarakat terhadap keikutsertaan ibu Balita pada kegiatan Posyandu di Kabupaten Kepulauan Riau. Rancangan Penelitian : Jenis penelitian ini adalah survey / observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel 210 Ibu Balita di 36 Posyandu. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah faktor Individu, faktor Posyandu dan faktor masyarakat Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara kuantitatif dengan kuesioner terstruktur. Pengolahan dan analisa dilakukan dengan program SPSS. Hasil : hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor keluarga/individu memiliki kontribusi sebesar 31,6%. Variabel umur Balita, aktifitas organisasi dan jarak ke Posyandu berhubungan secara bermakna (p<0,05) sedangkan variabel pengetahuan tidak (p>0,05). Faktor Posyandu berkontribusi sebesar 41,3% dengan Variabel pengelolaan, aktifitas Posyandu berhubungan secara bermakna (p<0,05) sedangkan variabel sarana Posyandu dan keaktifan kader tidak (p>0,005) dan variabel dalam faktor masyarakat keikutsertaan ibu Balita pada kegiatan Posyandu adalah kehadiran 5 jenis Toma (p<0,005) dengan kontribusi sebesar 7,7 %. Secara keseluruhan kontribusi faktor individu, Posyandu dan masyarakat terhadap keikutsertaan ibu Balita pada kegiatan Posyandu sebesar 53%. Kesimpulan : faktor keluarga/individu, faktor Posyandu dan faktor masyarakat memiliki hubungan dan berkontribusi terhadap keikutsertaan ibu Balita pada kegiatan Posyandu di Kabupaten Kepulauan Riau

Background : its important society participation in health developtment been confessed by all party. The society participation shows significant decrease in year to year. In the national level, the society participation to Posyandu (integreted health service) reach 50,5% only. In Riau province reaching 51,6%. While Regency of Riau Archipelago according to year report 2003, the society of participation as the highest level in Riau Province, that is 85,85%. Objectives: this study was aimed at finding out the number of factor were related with participation of mother with under five years old child at the Posyandu activity in the Regency of Riau Archipelago. Methods: this was an observasional/survey with a cross sectional design. The subjects were 210 mothers with under five years old child. Independent variable is individual factor, factor of Posyandu and society factor. Dependent variable is participation of mother with under five years at the Posyandu activity. Quantitatively data were gathered trought by structured questionare. Processing and analyzing done with the SPSS program. Results: research result indicated that the individual/family have a contribution equal to 31,6% taken part inly mothers under five years old child at Posyandu activity factor like organizational activity, old age the Balita and apart to Posyandu shows the significant correlation (p<0,05), while duration variable not (p>0,05). Variable of management, Posyandu activity and the service program in factor of Posyandu have a significant correlation (p<0,05) and have contribution equal to 41,3%, while variable Kader activity and Posyandu tools not (p>0,05). Variable in society factor which deal with participation of mothers under five years old child at Posyandu activity is attendance 5 type of prominent figure (p<0,05) with contribution equal to 7,7%. Ass a whole contribution of individual/family factor, factor of Posyandu and society factor to taking part in participation of mothers with under five years old child at Posyandu activity equal to 53% only. Conclution: individual factor, factor of Posyandu and society factor have a corelation and contribution to the taking part in participation of mother with under five years old child at Posyandu activity in Regency of Riau Archipelago.

Kata Kunci : Gizi Anak, Keikutsertaan Ibu, Posyandu