KERENTANAN SOSIAL EKONOMI PETANI DI KAWASAN RAWAN BENCANA GUNUNGAPI DESA SEMPU KECAMATAN NGANCAR KEDIRI

Ita Kurata Ayuni, Dr. Dyah Rahmawati Hizbaron, S.Si., M.T., M.Sc. ; Dr. Sudrajat, S.Si., M.P.

2024 | Tesis | S2 Geografi

Mata pencaharian utama penduduk Desa Sempu, Kecamatan Ngancar, Kabupaten Kediri adalah pada sektor pertanian. Secara geografis Desa Sempu berada pada kawasan rawan bencana Gunungapi Kelud. Hal ini akan menjadikan petani di Desa Sempu memiliki resiko terhadap bencana gunungapi. Salah satu upaya mengurangi resiko bencana adalah dengan mengurangi kerentanan sehingga diperlukan adanya penilaian kerentanan sosial ekonomi sebagai dasar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) Mengetahui karakteristik petani di Desa Sempu, 2) Menganalisis indeks kerentanan sosial dan ekonomi petani, 3) Mengetahui strategi pengurangan kerentanan sosial ekonomi petani oleh lembaga/instansi. 

Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan survey dan wawancara. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan metode pengambilan sampel proportional sampling pada 3 dusun di Desa Sempu dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 petani. Metode pengolahan dan analis data yang digunakan adalah pembobotan dengan metode AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) dan skoring. 

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar petani di Desa Sempu memiliki kepemilikan lahan kurang dari 0,5 Ha, sumber modal berasal dari pribadi. Petani di Desa Sempu didominasi petani laki laki dengan rentang usia 44 hingga 64 tahun. Hampir seluruh petani di Desa Sempu mengalami bencana gunungapi Kelud, namun tidak semua petani yang mendapatkan pelatihan kebencanaan. Hasil penghitungan menunjukkan bahwa 77% petani di Desa Sempu berada di kelas kerentanan sosial rendah dan 23?rada di kelas kerentanan sosial sedang. Sebanyak 17% petani di Desa Sempu berada di kelas kerentanan ekonomi tinggi, 52?rada di kelas kerentanan ekonomi sedang. Sebanyak 44% petani berada di kelas kerentanan sosial ekonomi rendah dan 56?rada di kelas kerentanan sosial ekonomi sedang. Upaya pengurangan kerentanan sosial bencana yang dilakukan oleh instansi antara lain peningkatan komunikasi saat bencana, pelatihan kebencanaan rutin, perancangan skema evakuasi bagi kelompok rentan, peningkatan sarana prasarana kesehatan di lokasi evakuasi. Upaya pengurangan kerentanan ekonomi yang dilakukan instansi adalah pemberian bantuan seperti bibit,pupuk dan benih setelah dilanda bencana gunungapi, penyelamatan hewan ternak, pelatihan pengolahan hasil panen.

The main livelihood of the residents of Sempu Village, Ngancar District, Kediri Regency is in the agricultural sector. Sempu Village is located in the disaster-prone area of Mount Kelud. This condition puts farmers in Sempu Village at risk of disaster. One effort to reduce disaster risk is to reduce vulnerability. Socio-economic vulnerability studies are needed as a basis. The objectives of this research are: 1) Knowing the characteristics of farmers in Sempu Village, 2) Analyzing farmers' socio-economic vulnerability index, 3) Knowing strategies for reducing farmers' socio-economic vulnerability carried out by institutions/institutions.

Data collection methods use surveys and interviews. Samples were taken using the proportional sampling method in 3 hamlets in Sempu Village with a total sample of 100 farmers. The data processing and analysis method used is weighting using the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method and scoring.

The research results show that the majority of farmers in Sempu Village have land ownership of less than 0.5 Ha, the source of capital comes from individuals. Farmers in Sempu Village are dominated by male farmers with an age range of 44 to 64 years. Almost all farmers in Sempu Village have experienced the Mount Kelud disaster, but not all farmers have received disaster training. The calculation results show that 77% of farmers in Sempu Village are in the low social vulnerability class and 23% are in the medium social vulnerability class. As many as 17% of farmers in Sempu Village are in the high economic vulnerability class, 52% are in the medium economic vulnerability class. As many as 44% of farmers are in the low socio-economic vulnerability class and 56% are in the medium socio-economic vulnerability class. Efforts to reduce social vulnerability to disasters carried out by institutions include improving communication when a disaster occurs, routine disaster training, designing evacuation schemes for vulnerable groups, improving health infrastructure in refugee camps. Efforts to reduce economic vulnerability carried out by agencies include providing assistance in the form of seeds, fertilizer and seedlings after being hit by a volcanic disaster, rescuing livestock, and training in harvest processing.

Kata Kunci : farmers, economy, social, vulnerability