Pengaruh supervisi suami dan poster aksi terhadap kepatuhan minum tablet besi dan kadar Hb ibu hamil di distrik Sentani Kabupaten Jayapura Propinsi Papua

GULTOM, Marlin Paulina, dr. Hamam Hadi, MS.,Sc.D

2004 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang : Angka prevalensi anemia gizi besi pada ibu hamil di Indonesia SKRT, tahun 2001 adalah sebesar 40,1%. Sedangkan di Kabupaten Jayapura sebesar 85,2%(2001). Hal ini menggambarkan bahwa kemungkinan tablet besi yang diberikan tidak diminum. Peranan supervisi suami dan poster aksi diduga mampu meningkatkan kepatuhan minum tablet besi dan meningkatkan kadar Hb darah ibu hamil. Tujuan : Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui pengaruh supervisi suami dan pemberian poster aksi terhadap kepatuhan minum tablet besi dan kadar Hb darah ibu hamil. Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah Quasi eksperimental. Rancangan penelitian adalah Pre and post test Control Group Design .Data kepatuhan minum tablet besi dihitung dengan jumlah tablet yang diminum dan dicek dengan test faeces metode Afifi, dkk (1966). Pengukuran kadar Hb darah dilakukan dua kali dengan cyanmethemoglobin(HbCN). Data infeksi malaria dengan metode “Giemsa”, asupan makanan untuk mengetahui intake energi, protein, zat besi dan vitamin C dengan metode recall 2 x 24 jam. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh, data dianalisis dengan uji anova dan regresi berganda. Hasil : Hasil uji t-test paired sebelum dan sesudah pemberian penyuluhan kepada suami menunjukkan angka yang bermakna(P<0,05). Kepatuhan minum tablet besi kelompok kontrol 7% lebih patuh dibanding kelompok Supervisi Suami dan 14% lebih patuh dari kelompok Poster Aksi. Responden non Papua lebih patuh minum tablet besi dibanding kelompok Supervisi Suami dan kelompok Poster Aksi. Hasil uji anova kepatuhan dengan sakit malaria yang dialami satu bulan yang lalu terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna. Lebih tinggi peningkatan kadar Hb darah kelompok Kontrol dibanding kelompok Supervisi Suami dan kelompok Poster Aksi. Namun berdasarkan kelompok etnis menunjukan tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna (P>0,05). Responden yang sakit malaria satu bulan yang lalu mempunyai kadar Hb yang lebih rendah dari yang tidak sakit malaria. Kesimpulan : Tidak ada pengaruh supervisi suami dan poster aksi terhadap kepatuhan minum tablet besi dan kadar Hb darah. Variabel yang paling kuat pengaruhnya terhadap kepatuhan minum tablet besi sakit malaria dan kelompok etnis sedangkan pada perubahan kadar Hb darah adalah variabel sakit malaria dan kepatuhan minum tablet besi dan kadar Hb awal pemeriksaan.

Background : The prevalence of pregnant women with anemia in Indonesia reaches 40.1% (SKRT: 2001). While in Jayapura reaches 85.2% (2001). This condition shows the low compliance of iron supplementation among pregnant woman. Husband supervision and action posters are presumed as two components which may increase iron supplementation compliance and haemoglobin level among pregnant women. Objective : The study was aimed al finding out the influence of husband supervision and action posters toward iron supplementation compliance and Hb level among pregnant women. Study Design : This was quasi experimental study with pre and post Lest control group design. The data of iron supplementation compliance were calculated based on the amount of iron tablets and analysed with faeces test of Afifi Method (1966). Hb level were measured twice with Cyanmethemoglobin (HbCN). The data of malaria were analysed with Giemsa, food intake to know energy intake, protein, iron and . Vitamin C with 2X24 hours recall. To know the influence, data were analysed with Anova and multi regression. Result : The result of T-test paired before and after counselling was significant (p<0.05). The compliance of control group was 7% higher than husband supervision group and 14% higher than action posters group. The compliance of non Papua respondents were higher than husband supervision and action posters group. There were significantly differences between compliance and malaria. The increasing of Hb level among control group was higher than husband supervision and action posters group. While ethnical group showed there were no significantly differences (p<0.05). The Hb level of Malaria respondents was lower than non malaria respondents. Conclusion : There was no significantly influence of husband supervision and action posters toward iron supplementation compliance and Hb level. Variables that mostly influenced iron supplementation and the increasing of Hb level were malaria variables.

Kata Kunci : Kesehatan Masyarakat,Tablet Besi dan Hb,Supervisi Suami dan Poster, Husband supervision, action posters, compliance, Hb level, malaria.