Partisipasi keluarga dalam pencegahan demam berdarah dengue di Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur

LANGKAP, Prof.Dr. Soesanto T., M.Comm.H.DTM

2004 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang: Hasil pemantauan ABJ yang dilakukan pada sepuluh desa endemis demam berdarah kurang dengue dari 95%. Upaya penanggulangan berupa abatisasi dan fogging. Upaya ini kurang berkesinambungan karena terbatasnya anggaran. Partisipasi keluarga dalam PSN perlu digiatkan, karena vektor DBD berhubungan erat dengan kebiasaan masyarakat, tingkat pengetahuan yang rendah, sikap dan kemampuan masyarakat yang kurang memperhatikan lingkungan nnya. pemukimaTujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pasi keluarga dalam pencegahan penyakit DBD. partisiMetode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui DKT, Wawancara Mendalam dan observasi. Subjek kepala keluarga, tokoh masyarakat, kepala puskesmas dan kasubdin P2PL. Instrumen penelitian panduan DKT, pedoman wawancara mendalam eck list observasi. dan chHasil: Pemberdayaan keluarga oleh petugas kesehatan dalam upaya pemberian pertolongan pada penderita baik, namun upaya pemberian penyuluhan masih dirasakan kurang, pengetahuan keluarga cukup baik, namun masih ada yang belum memahami DBD,membakar sampah setiap sore dapat mengurangi jumlah nyamuk. Sikap keluarga dalam pencegahan dengan bahan kimia masih beragam. Kemampuan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah dan air minum dalam rumah tangga telah menunjukan perilaku yang positif. Masyarakat menyadari bahwa faktor lingkungan dan kurangnya informasi sebagai kendala pencegahan DBD. Tindakan PSN di rumah tangga cukup tinggi sebagai upaya pencegahan DBD. Partisipasi masyarakat masih rendah karena tidak dilibatkan sejak awal proses perencanaan pencegahan DBD. Kesimpulan: Partisipasi keluarga dalam pencegahan DBD masih rendah, hal ini disebabkan kurangnya upaya pemberdayaan keluarga yang awam dalam pencegahan DBD, sehingga berdampak terhadap pengetahuan, sikap, kemampuan dan tindakan keluarga dalam pencegahan DBD. Disamping itu tidak dilibatkanya keluarga dalam perencanaan penanggulangan DBD mengakibatkan keluarga merasa kurang memiliki program pencegahan DBD.

Background: The result of ABJ (larvae free index) observation which has been implemented in ten dengue hemorrhage fever (DHF) endemic villages was less than 95%. The implemented prevention were abatisation and fogging. The measures were not continuously carried out as due to limitation of budget. Family participation in mosquito nest control (PSN) need to be more activated because DHF vector is closely related with community’s habit, low level of knowledge, community’s attitude and ability that was not really g community environment. considerinObjective: This research was aimed to find out the description of family participation in the prevention of DHF. Method: This was a qualitative research. Data was gathered through Focus Group Discussion (FGD), in-depth interview and observation. The subject of this research was the head of family, public figure, head of Primary Health Care and Kasubdin P2PL. Instrument used in the research was guidance of FGD and in-depth interview as well as observation check list. Result: Family empowerment by health care provider in the effort of giving assistance to patients was good, but the effort of giving information was still lacking, family knowledge was quite good although there were still some people who did not understand DHF, and burning waste every evening could decrease the number of mosquito. Family attitude in the prevention of DHF with chemical substance was still varied. Community ability in managing waste and water consumption in the household has shown positive behavior. They were aware that environment factor and lack of information was the obstacle of DHF prevention. PSN action in household was quite high as the effort of DHF prevention. Community participation was still low because they were not involved in the planning process of DHF prevention since the beginning. Conclusion: Family participation in the prevention of DHF still low, this is caused by the lack of empowerment toward common family in the prevention of DHF which effected knowledge, attitude, ability and action of the family in DHF prevention. The effect of involving family in the DHF control planning was that family not really possessing the DHF prevention program

Kata Kunci : Perilaku Sehat,Partisipasi Keluarga,Demam Berdarah