Faktor resiko yang berhubungan terhadap infeksi nokomial luka operasi di SMF Kebidanan RS Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta

SUPARNO, Prof.dr. Hari Kusnanto, DrPH

2004 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang : Infeksi nosokomial sampai sekarang masih merupakan masalah perawatan kesehatan di rumah sakit seluruh dunia. Masalah yang ditimbulkan dapat memperberat penyakit yang ada, bahkan dapat menyebabkan kematian ibu. Menurut WHO kejadian infeksi nosokomial 9 % terjadi di negara-negara berkembang. Di Indonesia yaitu di 10 RSU pendidikan, infeksi nosokomial cukup tinggi yaitu 6-16 % dengan rata-rata 9,8 %. Di DIY hasil penelitian di RSU Sleman kejadian infeksi noskomial luka operasi 3 %. dan di SMF Kebidanan RS Dr.Sardjito infeksi nosokomial luka operasi sebesar 13,04 %. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor risiko yang menentukan kejadian infeksi nosokomial luka operasi di SMF Kebidanan Rumah Sakit Dr. Sardjito. Bahan dan cara penelitian : Rancangan penelitian ini adalah nested case control, dan jenis penelitian adalah penelitian observasional di rumah sakit. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor risiko kejadian infeksi nosokomial luka operasi di unit kebidanan RS.Dr.Sardjito. Subyek penelitian terdiri dari 41 kasus dan 59 kontrol. Faktor risiko yang diteliti adalah: tingkat usia, pendidikan, pekerjaan, status gizi, kadar Hb, lama dirawat, jumlah pengunjung, kualifikasi operator, tingkat kedaruratan medik, kategori operasi. Pengolahan data meliputi analisis stratifikasi dan regresi logistik berganda. Hasil penelitian: Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa faktor risiko kejadian infeksi nosokomial luka operasi adalah: golongan usia >45 tahun dengan OR=2,83 (95%CI:1,15 45 th, kadar Hb <11gr %, kualifikasi operator residen,dan tingkat kedaruratan medik emergensi.

Background: Nosocomial postoperative wound infection is health care problem in hospital around the world. According to WHO, an important nosocomial postoperative infection incidence rate is 9% in developing countries. In Indonesia especially in 10 teaching hospital, nosocomial infection is as high as 6-16% with a mean 9.8%. According to a study in Sleman General Hospital, Yogyakarta postoperative wound nosocomial infection rate was 3,5% and in the obstetric and Gynecologic Departement of Sardjito Hospital, the rate was 13.04%. Object: The objective of this study was to explore risk factors associated with nosocomial postoperative wound infection in Obstetric and Gynecological Departement Sardjito Hospital. Methods: This was observational study with nested case control design. This study was aimed at finding out the risk factors of nosocomial infection cases with surgery hurt in midwifery unit, Sardjito Hospital. The subjects were 41 cases and 59 controls. The risk factors were age level, education, work, nutrition status, Hb rate, leucocit rate, imunosupresif therapie, length of stay, amount of visitor, operator qualification, medical emergency level, and surgery category. Results: The result proved that risk factors of nosocomial infection of surgical wound were age >45 years old with OR=2.83 (95%CI: 1.1545 years, with Hb <11gr%, operated resident as emergency surgical case are at greater risk for nosocomial postoperative wound infection.

Kata Kunci : Layanan Kesehatan,Infeksi Nosokomial,Operasi, risk factor, nosocomial infection, postoperative,obstetric, gynecologic