Hubungan Antara Determinan Sosial dengan Kondisi Gigi dan Mulut Pekerja Shift Dan Non-shift Industri Semen di Kota Padang

Re. Haura Azzahra, Rosa Amalia; Derajad Sulistyo Widhyharto; Dibyo Pramono; Bambang Priyono

2024 | Tesis | S2 Kedokteran Gigi

Sejumlah penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pekerja shift memiliki kondisi gigi dan mulut yang buruk dibandingkan pekerja non-shift. Pekerja shift di industri semen berada di lingkungan kerja yang beresiko mempengaruhi kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan determinan sosial dengan kondisi gigi dan mulut pada pekerja shift dan non-shift di industri semen.

Jenis penelitian ini survei analitik dengan rancangan potong lintang. Penelitian dilakukan di PT. Semen Padang, Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat, dengan 83 responden yang diambil dengan teknik pengambilan sampel acak berstrata. Determinan sosial dinilai menggunakan kuesioner WHO 2013 dan PSS-10. Pemeriksaan gigi dinilai menggunakan indeks DMF-T, CPI, abrasi dan atrisi. Analisis data menggunakan uji regresi linear berganda.

Determinan sosial berhubungan dengan kondisi gigi dan mulut pekerja, faktor usia, konsumsi gula, frekuensi menyikat gigi, dan waktu pemeriksaan terakhir berhubungan dengan DMF-T pada pekerja shift (R² 0,573), sementara pada pekerja non-shift hanya konsumsi gula yang signifikan (R² 0,290). Poket periodontal berhubungan dengan umur, psikososial dan merokok pada pekerja shift (R² 0,558), sedangkan pada pekerja non-shift berhubungan dengan umur, konsumsi gula, frekuensi menyikat gigi, waktu terakhir pemeriksaan gigi dan merokok (R² 0,870). Abrasi gigi pada pekerja shift dipengaruhi (R² 0,278) umur dan pendidikan, sedangkan pada pekerja non-shift dipengaruhi oleh umur (R² 0,429). Atrisi gigi pada pekerja shift dipengaruhi oleh umur dan merokok (R² 0,564), sementara pada pekerja non-shift hanya oleh umur (R² 0,433). Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa jadwal shift mempengaruhi hubungan antara determinan sosial dan kondisi gigi dan mulut pekerja shift dan non-shift di industri semen.

Several studies show that shift workers have poorer oral health conditions than non-shift workers. Shift workers in the cement industry are in a work environment that risks their oral health. This study aims to determine the relationship between social determinants and the oral health conditions of shift and non-shift workers in the cement industry.

 This is an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at PT. Semen Padang, Padang City, West Sumatra, using a stratified random sampling technique with 83 respondents. Social determinants were assessed using the WHO 2013 questionnaire and PSS-10. Dental examinations were evaluated using the DMF-T index, CPI, abrasion index, and attrition index. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression tests.

 Social determinants are related to the oral health conditions of workers based on their work schedules. Factors such as age, sugar consumption, brushing frequency, and the last dental check-up were related to DMF-T in shift workers (R² 0.573), while only sugar consumption was significant in non-shift workers (R² 0.290). Periodontal pockets were related to age, psychosocial factors, and smoking in shift workers (R² 0.558), while in non-shift workers, they were related to age, sugar consumption, brushing frequency, the last dental check-up, and smoking (R² 0.870). Dental abrasion in shift workers was influenced by age and education (R² 0.278), while in non-shift workers it was influenced by age (R² 0.429). Dental attrition in shift workers was influenced by age and smoking (R² 0.564), while in non-shift workers it was influenced only by age (R² 0.433). This study concludes that shift schedules significantly affect the relationship between social determinants and the oral health conditions of shift and non-shift workers in the cement industry.

Kata Kunci : shift kerja, determinan sosial, kesehatan gigi, industri semen