PERANAN REHABILITASI MANGROVE TERHADAP KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS VEGETASI DI PANTAl UTARA KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU

lta Faizah, Dr. Erny Poedjirahajoe, M.P.

2007 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Hutan mangrove mempunyai peranan penting dan fungsi yang besar bagj kehidupan masyarakat terutama di sekitar pantai. Peranan penting hutan mangrove dapat ditinjau secara ekologis dan sosial ekonomi, sedangkan fungsi hutan mangrove ditinjau dari beberapa aspek, yaitu fungsi fisik, biologi, .kimia dan ekonomi.Pemanfaatan hutan mangrove cenderung bersifat merusak> sehingga menyebabkan kerusakan ekosistemnya. Untuk memulihkan kondisi ekosistem hutan mangrove dilakukan upa.ya rehabilitasi dengan menggunakan tanaman pokok Rhizophora stylosa. Penanaman jenis ini temyata mampu mendorong twnbuhnya jenis vegetasi Jain. Twnbulmya jenis vegetasi lain ini disebabkan karena biji yang terbawa gerakan air tertahan akar Rhizophora stylosa dan tnmbuh menjadi tanaman baru.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui komposisi dan keanekaragamanjen.is vegetasj pada tahun tanam 1980, 1997 dan 2004. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tiga tahun tanam, yaitu 1980, 1997 dan 2004. Setiap tahun tanam dibagi menjadi zona darat, tengah dan laut. Setelah itu dibuat petak ukur 5 x 5 m sebanyak lima buah pada tiap zona sehingga terdapat 15 buah petak ukur tiap tahun tanam. Pada tiga tahun tanam terdapat 45 buah petak: ukur. Masing-masing tahun tanam dianalisis komposisi, keanekaragaman jenis vegetasi dan faktor linglnmgannya, Faktor lingkungan yang diukur adalah suhu air., pH air., salin.itas air. oksigen terlarut dan ketebalan lumpur. Hasil penelitian menuajukkan bahwa terdapat jenis vegetasi lain yang muncul sehingga terdapat keanekaragaman jenis vegetasi di kawasan rehabilitasi ini. Dari hasil perhitungan nilai keanekaragaman (Indeks Diversitas) Simpson, didapat nilai Indeks Diversitas tertinggi sampai terendah berturut-turut, yaitu zona darat 1980, zona tengah 1980, zona laut 1997, zona darat 1997, zona tengah 1997, zona darat 2004, zona laut 1980, zona tengah 2004 dan zona Jaut 2004. lndeks Diversitas tertinggi adalah 0,86 dan Jndeks Diversitas terendah adalah 0.

Mangrove forest has an important roles and big function for society living especially around the shore. The important roles of mangrove forest can be observed according to ecology and social economy, but the function of mangrove forest can be observed from several aspects, those are physical, biological, chemical and economical functions. The uses of mangrove forest have damage characteristic so it to cause ecosistem' s damaged. Recovering the condition of mangrove forest ecosystem is done the rehabilitation by main plant Rhizophora stylosa. Planting this species can support the growting of another vegetation species, it is caused by seeds brought the water stopped Rhizophora stylosa root and growth be a new plant. The aim of this research is knowing the compotition and diversity of vegetation species at 1980, 1997 and 2004 plant year. This research was done at three plantation years, those are 1980, 1997 and 2004. Every plantation year was divided become land, middle and sea zone. After that by making plot 5x5 m amount five plots at every zone so there were 15 plots every plant year. There were 45 plots at three plantation years. In each plantation year were analyzed data compotition, species vegetation diversity and environment factors. Environment factors that measured were water temperature???? pH. salinity, dissolved oxygen and mud thickness. The result of the research showed that there were growthing another vegetation species that it caused diversity vegetation species in the rehabilitation area. From the account result of Index Diversity Simpson, can be fowided from high until low Index Diversity, that were land zone 1980, middle zone 1980, sea zone 1997, land zone 1997, middle zone 1997, land zone 2004, sea zone l980, middle zone 2004 and sea zone 2004. The high Index Diversity was 0.86 and the low Index Diversity was 0.

Kata Kunci : Hutan mangrove, Vegetasi, Faktor lingkungan