Analisis Kesiapsiagaan Menghadapi Kondisi Darurat Dan/Atau Bencana Di RSKJ Soeprapto Provinsi Bengkulu

Joko Irawandi, dr. Agus Surono., M.Sc., Ph.D., Sp.T.H.T.B.K.L.Subsp.B.E.(K).

2024 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang: Kondisi darurat dan/atau bencana bisa terjadi kapan saja dan merugikan korban jiwa, materi, serta lingkungan. Rumah sakit berperan penting saat terjadi kondisi darurat dan/atau bencana, tetapi juga bisa menjadi korban. RSKJ Soeprapto Provinsi Bengkulu mempunyai potensi risiko kondisi darurat dan/atau bencana yang tinggi, serta memiliki karakteristik khusus sebagai rumah sakit rujukan untuk pasien ODGJ, sehingga sangat diperlukan adanya suatu kesiapsiagaan menghadapi kondisi darurat dan/atau bencana yang terencana dan terlaksana dengan baik.

Tujuan: Menganalisis kesiapsiagaan menghadapi kondisi darurat dan/atau bencana yang telah direncanakan dan dilaksanakan di RSKJ Soeprapto Provinsi Bengkulu beserta hambatan yang dihadapi.

Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan rancangan penelitian studi kasus. Lokasi Penelitian di RSKJ Soeprapto Provinsi Bengkulu. Responden penelitian 12 orang, berasal dari internal dan eksternal rumah sakit. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam, telaah dokumen dan observasi.

Hasil: Upaya yang telah dilaksanakan RSKJ Soeprapto Provinsi Bengkulu untuk meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan menghadapi kondisi darurat dan/atau bencana masih terdapat kekurangan dan hambatan. Pada program manajemen risiko diketahui bahwa dokumen HVA yang ada belum lengkap, penanganan risiko kebakaran akibat perilaku merokok pasien belum optimal, dan komunikasi dengan stakeholder eksternal terkait risiko pasien melarikan diri belum dilakukan. Pada program pengendalian kondisi darurat dan/atau bencana, pedoman kondisi darurat dan/atau bencana yang ada belum sesuai, beberapa dokumen dan sarana prasarana perlu dilakukan revisi dan optimalisasi. RSKJ Soeprapto Provinsi Bengkulu telah rutin melaksanakan pelatihan dan simulasi kondisi darurat dan/atau bencana dengan melibatkan pihak eksternal, namun materi kesiapsiagaan belum disampaikan kepada mahasiswa praktikan. Hambatan utama yang dihadapi RSKJ Soeprapto Provinsi Bengkulu dalam upaya meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan menghadapi kondisi darurat dan/atau bencana adalah bangunan rumah sakit yang mayoritas sudah tua dan rapuh, serta minimnya anggaran untuk sarana prasarana penanganan keadaan darurat.

Kesimpulan: RSKJ Soeprapto Provinsi Bengkulu telah melaksanakan berbagai upaya untuk meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan menghadapi kondisi darurat dan/atau bencana, namun dalam pelaksanaannya masih terdapat kekurangan dan hambatan, sehingga masih diperlukannya monitoring dan evaluasi yang berkelanjutan.

Background: Emergencies and/or disasters can occur at any time and cost lives, materials, and the environment. Hospitals play an important role in emergencies and/or disasters, but they can also become victims. RSKJ Soeprapto Bengkulu Province has a high potential risk of emergencies and/or disasters and has special characteristics as a referral hospital for patients with mental disorders, so it is very necessary to have a well-planned and well-executed emergency and/or disaster preparedness.

Objective: Analyzing the emergency and/or disaster preparedness that has been planned and implemented at RSKJ Soeprapto Bengkulu Province and the obstacles faced.

Research Methods: This research is qualitative research with a case study research design. Research location at RSKJ Soeprapto Bengkulu Province. The research respondents were 12 people, coming from internal and external hospitals. Data collection was carried out by conducting in-depth interviews, document reviews, and observation.

Results: The efforts that have been implemented by RSKJ Soeprapto Bengkulu Province to improve preparedness for emergencies and/or disasters still have shortcomings and obstacles. In the risk management program, it is known that the existing HVA document is incomplete, handling the risk of fire due to patient smoking behavior is not optimal, and communication with external stakeholders regarding the risk of patients escaping has not been carried out. In the emergency and/or disaster control program, the existing emergency and/or disaster guidelines are not yet appropriate, and several documents and infrastructure facilities need to be revised and optimized. RSKJ Soeprapto Bengkulu Province has routinely carried out training and simulations of emergency conditions and/or disasters involving external parties, but preparedness material has not been delivered to practicing students. The main obstacles faced by RSKJ Soeprapto Bengkulu Province in an effort to improve preparedness for emergencies and/or disasters are hospital buildings, the majority of which are old and fragile, and a lack of budget for emergency handling infrastructure.

Conclusion: RSKJ Soeprapto Bengkulu Province has implemented various efforts to improve preparedness for emergencies and/or disasters, but in its implementation, there are still shortcomings and obstacles, so continuous monitoring and evaluation are still needed.

Kata Kunci : Kesiapsiagaan kondisi darurat dan bencana, SMK3, Rumah sakit khusus jiwa