Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Produksi Padi Organik di Kapanewon Pandak Kabupaten Bantul

Asmiarsi Rahmatifah, Prof. Dr. Ir. Irham, M.Sc.; Anung Pranyoto, S.P., M.P.

2024 | Skripsi | SOS.EK. PERTANIAN (AGROBISNIS)

Pertanian organik merupakan sistem pertanian yang menggunakan input dari bahan alami selama proses bercocoktanam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mengetahui tingkat penggunaan input usahatani padi organik di Kabupaten Bantul, 2) mengetahui tingkat produksi dan produktivitas padi organik di Kabupaten Bantul, dan 3) mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi produksi padi organik di Kabupaten. Penentuan lokasi dilakukan dengan cara purposive di Desa Gilangharjo, Kecamatan Pandak, Kabupaten Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Sampling dilakukan dengan cara sensus dan didapatkan petani sejumlah 42 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara, studi pustaka, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis dilakukan dengan cara regresi linier berganda fungsi Cobb-Douglas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Input usahatani yang digunakan oleh petani padi organik di Desa Gilangharjo rata-rata per-petani per-tahun adalah luas lahan 0,19 ha; jumlah benih 19,25 kg; TKDK 26,60 HKO; TKLK 20,00 HKO; pupuk padat 1,64 ton; pupuk cair 4,06 liter; dan pestisida 3,03 liter. Adapun rata-rata perhektarnya dalam satu tahun adalah benih 99,07 kg; TKDK 136,93 HKO; TKLK 102,93 HKO; pupuk padat 8,42 ton; pupuk cair 20,88 liter; dan pestisida 15,59 liter. Petani padi organik di Desa Gilangharjo pada satu tahunnya menghasilkan produksi 1,64 ton GKG per-pertani dan produktivitas 8,46 ton per-hektar. Luas lahan, jumlah tenaga kerja, biaya benih, jumlah pupuk, biaya pestisida, usia petani, tingkat pendidikan petani, dan pengalaman petani secara serentak berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap produksi padi organik di Kabupaten Bantul. Adapun faktor yang memengaruhi produksi padi organik di Kabupaten Bantul secara individu adalah luas lahan, jumlah benih, jumlah tenaga kerja, dan biaya pupuk. 

Organic farming is an agricultural system that uses materials derived from natural sources. This research aims to 1) determine the level of input used for organic rice farming in Bantul Regency, 2) determine the level of organic rice production and productivity in Bantul Regency, and 3) determine the factors that influence organic rice production in the Regency. Location determination was carried out purposively in Gilangharjo Village, Pandak District, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region. Sampling was carried out by census with total 42 farmers of sample. Data collection was carried out by means of interviews, literature study, observation and documentation. The analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression using the Cobb-Douglas function. The research results show that the farming input used by organic rice farmers in Gilangharjo Village on average per farmer per year (three planting seasons) are 0.19 ha of land; 19.25 kg of number of seeds; 26.60 HKO of family labor force; 20.00 HKO non-family labor force; 1.64 tons of solid fertilizer; 4.06 liters of liquid fertilizer; and 3.03 liters of pesticide. The average per hectare in one year (three planting seasons) are 99.07 kg of seeds; 136.93 HKO of family labor force; 102.93 HKO of non-family labor force; 8.42 tons of solid fertilizer; 20.88 liters of liquid fertilizer; and 15.59 liters of pesticide. Organic rice farmers in Gilangharjo Village in one year produce 1.64 tonnes of rice (GKG) per farm and a productivity of 8.46 tonnes of rice (GKG) per hectare. Land area, number of workers, number of seeds, fertilizer costs, pesticide costs, farmer's age, farmer's education level, and farmer's experience simultaneously and significantly have a positive effect on organic rice production in Bantul Regency. The factors that influence organic rice production in Bantul Regency individually are land area, number of seeds, number of workers, and fertilizer costs.

Kata Kunci : Padi, Pertanian Organik, Faktor Produksi, Produksi, Produktivitas