Pengaruh Formulasi Pupuk NPK yang Berbeda pada Sifat Kimia Tanah, Serapan Hara, dan Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Tebu Bongkar Ratun di Inceptisol Seyegan, Sleman

JUANDA SIPAYUNG, Dr. Agr. Cahyo Wulandari, S. P., M. P. ; Dr. Eka Tarwaca Susila P., S. P., M. P.

2024 | Skripsi | ILMU TANAH

Produksi gula di Indonesia saat ini belum mampu mencukupi kebutuhan konsumsi gula nasional. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan yaitu melalui peningkatan kuantitas dan kualitas tebu. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh formulasi pupuk NPK yang berbeda terhadap beberapa sifat kimia tanah, ketersediaan unsur hara NPKSZn, pertumbuhan vegetatif, serapan hara, dan estimasi produksi tebu di Inceptisol Seyegan, Sleman. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Dusun Planden, Desa Margokaton, Kecamatan Seyegan, Kabupaten Sleman, DIY serta Laboratorium Departemen Tanah Fakultas Pertanian UGM. Penanaman tebu dilakukan dengan metode bongkar ratun dengan varietas Bululawang. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan model Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) non faktorial berbasis 3 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan formulasi pupuk yang diberikan adalah T1: NPKSZn 15-15-15-9-0,2 dengan dosis 400 kg/ha + ZA dengan dosis 600 kg/ha, T2: NPKS 14-9-18-4 dengan dosis 1000 kg/ha, dan T3: NPK 23-7-14 dengan dosis 1000 kg/ha. Pengamatan agronomi meliputi tinggi tanaman dan batang, diameter batang, jumlah daun dan anakan dilakukan setiap bulan sampai tanaman berumur 6 BST (vegetatif maksimal). Sampel tanah diambil pada kedalaman 0-20 cm yang dilakukan pada awal sebelum perlakuan dan 6 BST. Pengambilan sampel jaringan tanaman berupa daun tebu dilakukan saat berumur 6 BST. Data penelitian diolah dengan Anova dan Uji Tukey dengan taraf 5% untuk menghasilkan informasi mengenai kesesuaian perlakuan yang dikaji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formulasi pupuk NPK yang berbeda memberikan pengaruh beda nyata terhadap pH H2O tanah, N-nitrat, S-tersedia, Zn-tersedia tanah, kadar dan serapan hara Zn, tinggi dan diameter batang, serta berat segar dan kering tajuk. Pupuk NPKS 14-9-18-4 dengan dosis 1000 kg/ha menghasilkan estimasi produksi tertinggi yaitu 105,91 ton/ha.

Sugar production in Indonesia is currently unable to meet national sugar consumption needs. Efforts that can be made are by increasing the quantity and quality of sugar cane. This research was conducted to determine the effect of different NPK fertilizer formulations on several soil chemical properties, NPKSZn nutrient availability, vegetative growth, nutrient uptake, and estimated sugar cane production in Inceptisol Seyegan, Sleman. The research was carried out in Planden Hamlet, Margokaton Village, Seyegan District, Sleman Regency, DIY and the Laboratory of the Soil Department, Faculty of Agriculture, UGM. Sugarcane planting is carried out using the ratoon unloading method with the Bululawang variety. The research was carried out using a non-factorial Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD) model based on 3 treatments and 4 replications. The fertilizer formulation treatment given was T1: NPKSZn 15-15-15-9-0.2 with a dose of 400 kg/ha + ZA with a dose of 600 kg/ha, T2: NPKS 14-9-18-4 with a dose of 1000 kg/ha. ha, and T3: NPK 23-7-14 with a dose of 1000 kg/ha. Agronomic observations including plant and stem height, stem diameter, number of leaves and tillers are carried out every month until the plants are 6 MAP (maximum vegetative). Soil samples were taken at a depth of 0-20 cm at the beginning before treatment and 6 MAP. Sampling of plant tissue in the form of sugar cane leaves was carried out at 6 MAP. Research data was processed using Anova and Tukey's test at a level of 5% to produce information regarding the suitability of the treatment being studied. The research results showed that different NPK fertilizer formulations had significantly different effects on soil H2O pH, N-nitrate, S-available, soil-available Zn, Zn nutrient content and uptake, stem height and diameter, and fresh and dry shoot weight. NPKS 14-9-18-4 fertilizer with a dose of 1000 kg/ha produced the highest estimated production, namely 105,91 tons/ha

Kata Kunci : Pemupukan, Gula, Metode penanaman, Bululawang, Estimasi produksi, Fertilization. Sugar, planting methods, Bululawang, Production  estimates