Banjir dan Masyarakat Pertanian di Pati Awal 1950-an

HASNA NURDHIA NAFIAH, Dr. Arif Akhyat, M. A.

2024 | Skripsi | ILMU SEJARAH

Banjir telah sering terjadi di wilayah Kabupaten Pati sejak masa kolonial. Pada awal 1950-an, banjr kembali terjadi dengan intensitas yang lebih besar dari tahun-tahun sebelumnya. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai respon pemerintah dan masyarakat saat menghadapi banjir, serta respon pemerintah dan masyarakat selama pasca banjir, khususnya pada masyarakat petani di Kabupaten Pati. Penelitian ini menggunakan sumber berupa surat kabar, foto, peta, buku, dan wawancara. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menggunakan literatur pendukung seperti, buku-buku, artikel jurnal, dan karya tulis ilmiah.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa wilayah Kabupaten Pati yang sebagian besar adalah dataran rendah, serta intensitas hujan yang tidak normal membuat terjadinya banjir pada awal 1950-an. Masyarakat sangat dirugikan akibat terjadinya banjir. Selama banjir, masyarakat dan pemerintah saling bekerja sama dalam menghadapi banjir. Bantuan terus berdatangan dan segera disalurkan kepada para korban. Akibat dari banjir juga terjadi bencana lainnya seperti bencana kelaparan, penyakit malaria, dan munculnya penyakit kulit. Banjir juga mengakibatkan lahan para petani mengalami kerusakan. Pasca banjir, pemerintah dengan masyarakat saling bekerja sama mencari solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang diakibatkan oleh banjir. Perbaikan saluran air, program-program untuk masyarakat yang kehilangan pekerjaan, transmigrasi, dan program-program yang dilakukan kepada para petani sawah dan tambak menjadi jalan bagi pemerintah dan masyarakat untuk tetap bertahan hidup dan dapat memenuhi kebutuhan hidup pasca banjir.

Flooding has been a frequent occurrence in the Pati Regency area since the colonial period. In the early 1950s, floods occurred again with greater intensity than in previous years. This research discusses the responses of the government and the community during the flood, as well as the responses of the government and the community during the post-flood period, especially in the farming community in Pati Regency. This research uses sources such as newspapers, photos, maps, books, and interviews. In addition, this research also uses supporting literature such as books, journal articles, and scientific papers.

The results show that the area of Pati Regency, which is mostly lowland, and the abnormal rain intensity caused flooding in the early 1950s. The community was severely disadvantaged due to the flooding. During the floods, the community and the government worked together to deal with the floods. Aid continued to arrive and was immediately distributed to the victims. As a result of the floods, there were also other disasters such as famine, malaria, and skin diseases. The floods also damaged farmers' land. After the flood, the government and the community worked together to find solutions to overcome the problems caused by the flood. Repairing waterways, programmes for people who lost their jobs, transmigration, and programmes conducted for rice and pond farmers became a way for the government and the community to survive and be able to meet the needs of life after the flood.

Kata Kunci : Banjir, Pati, Petani, Pertanian