ANALISIS PENDAPATAN TENAGA KERJA LANGSUNG PENGUSAHAAN GETAH PINUS (Studi Kasus BKPH Paninggaran, KPH Pekalongan Timur)

NORLITA OKTAVIANI, Ir. Siswantoyo Dipodiningrat, M.S.

2007 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Latar belakang penelitian adalah keadaan hutan tanaman jati yang bemilai tinggi saat ini sudah turun potensinya, terjadinya illegal logging, perambahan hutan akibat tekanan penduduk sekitar hutan yang kekurangan lahan dan sedikitnya lapangan pekerjaan semakin memperparah kerusakan hutan. Pinus merkusii mempunyai prospek besar untuk dikembangkan sebagai hutan tanaman industri. Karena tidak hanya menghasilkan kayu dan non kayu seperti getah yang dapat dibuat gondorukem dan terpentin, juga menyerap tenaga kerja dari sekitar hutan yang dapat meningkatkan pendapatannya. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah identifikasi tenaga kerja langsung kehutanan, mengetahui penyerapan dan pendapatan tenaga kerja langsung tersebut. Penelitian menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Kesejahteraan tenaga kerja langsung diketahui dengan membandingkan pendapatan perkapita dengan kriteria kemiskinan Sajogya (1982). Data primer diambil melalui wawancara tenaga kerja. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive random sampling pada masing-masing pekerjaan pengelolaan kehutanan tahun 2005. Data sekunder diambil melalui pengamatan ( observasi), studi pustaka, arsip dan dokumen yang berkaitan dengan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukan penyerapan tenaga kerja langsung pengelolaan hutan tahun 2005 adalah sebanyak 1.102 orang dengan persemaian merupakan tenaga kerja tetap, penanaman sebanyak 286 orang, pemeliharaan sebanyak 95 orang, penjarangan sebanyak 64 orang dan sadapan getah pinus sebanyak 657 orang. Pendapatan rata-rata tenaga kerja langsung dan persentase kontribusinya terhadap pendapatan total adalah persemaian Rp. 3.294.167,( 14,14%), penanaman Rp. 831.332,- (3,57%), pemeliharaan Rp. 823.171,( 3,53%), penjarangan Rp. 730.440,- (93,14%), dan sadapan getah pinus Rp.3.562.637,- (15,29%). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut tenaga kerja langsung kehutanan sebanyak 36,07% tidak miskin, 34,43% miskin, 24,59% sangat miskin, dan 4,92% paling miskin. Sebesar dua pertiga tenaga kerja langsung belum mencapai kesejahteraan.

The background of this research was the condition of teak forest values which has decreased, the existential of illegal logging and the forest clear away because of the villager pressure on and around the forest and lower job made the condition of the forest getting worst. Pinus merkusii had a great prospect to develop as an industrial forest. It not only producing wood and non wood such as gum to make gondorukem and terpentin, but also absorpting worker from villager around the forest so it can increased their income. The aim of this research was to identify the forest direct worker, to know the absorption and the direct worker's income. This research was using descriptive kuantitative analysis. We can know the welfare of the forest direct worker by comparing capita income with Sajogya's poverty criteria ( 1982). Primary data was taken from interviewing the workers. Purposive random sampling was used for sampling method for each kind of forest management activity in 2005. Secondary data was taken from observation, literature study and document related to the research. The result showed that the absorption of the forest direct worker in 2005 were 1.102 workers, nursery is permanent workers, 286 workers in planting, 95 workers in cultivation, 64 workers in thinning and 657 workers in rubber sap. The average income of direct worker and contribution percentage to the total income were nursery Rp. 3.294.167,- (14, 14%), planting Rp. 831.332,- (3,57%), cultivation Rp. 823.171,- (3,53), thinning Rp. 730.440,- (93, 14%), and rubber sap Rp. 3.562.637,- (15,29%). Based on that result, we can know that 36,07% of the forest direct worker were not in poor criteria, 34,43% were poor, 24,59% were very poor and 4,92% were the most poor. It means that two third of them were not in the welfare condition yet.

Kata Kunci : Tenaga kerja langsung, Pengelolaan Rutan, Penyerapan, Pendapatan