The Military Regime and the Escalation of Violations of Human Rights and the Tensions of Internal Conflicts in Myanmar

Phoo Wai Yan Myint, Drs. Muhadi Sugiono, MA

2024 | Skripsi | Ilmu Hubungan Internasional

History repeats itself. Throughout the past decade, the Myanmar military (Tatmadaw or Sit-Tat) has become insecure about their regime, which threatens their personal interests. Hence, they declared the state of emergency and staged a coup on the early morning of February 1st, 2021. The prolonged and complex civil war, internal conflicts, and human rights violations are escalating after the 2021 February coup. When civilians came out to the streets to protest and demonstrate, the junta used lethal weapons to crack down on the crowds. Nonviolent anti-junta movements were severely oppressed, and afterwards, pro-democracy activists and youth formed an armed group called the People's Defence Force (PDF), and decided to repel Sit-Tat. The well-experienced Ethnic Armed Organisations (EAOs) and PDF became allies to defend and get rid of Tatmadaw from Burmese politics and land. Although the civil war used to be between ethnic minorities and the military, the 2021 coup ignited tensions within major Bamar ethnicities. Thus, this study aims to analyse the security interpretation or perception of Tatmadaw and how that view is influencing the escalation of human rights violations and internal conflicts in Myanmar.

History repeats itself. Throughout the past decade, the Myanmar military (Tatmadaw or Sit-Tat) has become insecure about their regime, which threatens their personal interests. Hence, they declared the state of emergency and staged a coup on the early morning of February 1st, 2021. The prolonged and complex civil war, internal conflicts, and human rights violations are escalating after the 2021 February coup. When civilians came out to the streets to protest and demonstrate, the junta used lethal weapons to crack down on the crowds. Nonviolent anti-junta movements were severely oppressed, and afterwards, pro-democracy activists and youth formed an armed group called the People's Defence Force (PDF), and decided to repel Sit-Tat. The well-experienced Ethnic Armed Organisations (EAOs) and PDF became allies to defend and get rid of Tatmadaw from Burmese politics and land. Although the civil war used to be between ethnic minorities and the military, the 2021 coup ignited tensions within major Bamar ethnicities. Thus, this study aims to analyse the security interpretation or perception of Tatmadaw and how that view is influencing the escalation of human rights violations and internal conflicts in Myanmar.

Kata Kunci : Human Rights violations, internal conflicts tensions, Myanmar military (Tatmadaw or Sit-Tat), Ethnic Armed Organisations (EAOs), People’s Defence Force (PDF) v