MODALITAS INTENSIONAL BAHASA REJANG DIALEK KEPAHIANG

Fenny Tri Siah, Dr. Waru Winarti, M.Hum.

2024 | Tesis | S2 Linguistik

Penerusan bahasa dari generasi ke generasi semakin melemah khususnya bahasa Rejang. Apabila dibiarkan akan berakibat hilangnya penutur bahasa tersebut. Mengamati fenomena bahasa seperti modalitas dapat menjadi salah satu upaya menjaga eksistensi bahasa Rejang. Modalitas yang akrab dengan keseharian dan berhubungan erat dengan norma psikologis penutur terhadap ujarannya adalah modalitas intensional. Adapun kategorinya berupa keinginan, harapan, ajakan, pembiaran, dan permintaan yang lazim diujarkan dalam keseharian. Hal ini dianggap menarik untuk diteliti khususnya dalam bahasa Rejang dialek Kepahiang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi, mengklasifikasi, memformulasi pola, dan menganalisis makna dari bentuk penanda modalitas intensional yang ditemukan dalam bahasa Rejang dialek Kepahiang. Inventarisasi bentuk penanda modalitas intensional dibedakan berdasarkan kata dan frasa. Tahapan klasifikasi disesuaikan dengan kategori kata dan frasa penanda modalitas intensional. Pola distribusi penanda dianalisis dengan menentukan fungsi sintaksis dalam kalimat berpredikasi positif dan negatif. Tahapan akhir dilakukan guna menganalisis penanda modalitas intensional sesuai dengan pendapat Alwi tentang modalitas intensional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bentuk penanda modalitas intensional berupa kata terdiri atas bentuk tunggal (monomorfemik) dan bentuk kompleks (polimorfemik) serta frasa berupa frasa endosentris koordinatif dan frasa endosentris atributif. Kategori dari penanda modalitas intensional berupa adverbia, verba, dan interjeksi. Ditemukan tiga jenis pola distribusi penanda modalitas intensional, yakni antara subjek dan predikat, di depan subjek, dan di depan objek. Setiap penanda modalitas intensional yang ditemukan masing-masing mengisi makna modalitas intensional seperti keinginan, harapan, ajakan, pembiaran, dan permintaan.

The language transmission from generation to generation is increasingly weakening, especially Rejang language. It will result in the disappearance of speakers of the language without any concern. Observing language phenomena such as modality can be an effort to maintain the existence of Rejang language. The modality that is familiar and closely related to the speaker's psychological norms regarding his speech is the intentional modality. The categories include eagerness, hopes, invitations, omissions and requests that are commonly expressed in daily conversation. This is considered interesting to research especially in the Rejang language of the Kepahiang dialect. This research aims to inventory, to classify, to formulate patterns, and to analyze the meaning of the forms of intentional modality markers found in the Rejang language of the Kepahiang dialect. The inventory of forms of intentional modality markers is distinguished based on words and phrases. The classification stage is adjusted to the categories of words and phrases marking the intentional modality. The marker distribution patterns are analyzed by determining the syntactic function in sentences with positive and negative predication. The final stage is carried out to analyze markers of the intentional modality in accordance with Alwi's opinion about the intentional modality. The results of the research show that the forms of intentional modality markers are words consisting of single form (monomorphemic) and complex forms (polymorphemic) as well as phrases in the form of coordinating endocentric phrases and attributive endocentric phrases. The categories of the intentional modality markers are adverb, verb, and interjection. Three types of distribution patterns of the intentional modality markers are found namely between subject and predicate, in front of the subject, and in front of the object. Each marker of the intentional modality fills the meaning of the intentional modality such as eagerness, hope, invitation, omission, and request.

Kata Kunci : keinginan, harapan, ajakan, pembiaran, permintaan