Pengaruh Susunan Katalis Ni dan Mo Teremban pada H-Mordenit dalam Reaktor terhadap Selektivitas dan Yield Bioavtur Hasil Hydrotreatment Minyak Sawit

SINTIA AYUNINGDEWI, Prof. Dra. Wega Trisunaryanti, M.S., Ph.D. Eng.; Dr. Sri Sudiono, S.Si., M.Si.

2024 | Skripsi | KIMIA

Preparasi katalis berbasis logam Ni dan Mo yang diembankan pada H-mordenit melalui metode impregnasi kering telah dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari karakteristik dan pengaruh susunan katalis Ni/Mor dan/atau Mo/Mor terhadap selektivitas dan yield bioavtur dalam hydrotreatment minyak sawit. Impregnasi dilakukan dengan cara semprot (spray) menggunakan larutan prekursor (NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O dan Ni(NO3)2·6H2O. Katalis dikarakterisasi menggunakan instrumen FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, SAA, dan NH3-TPD. Uji aktivitas katalis dilakukan melalui hydrotreatment minyak sawit menggunakan reaktor semi-batch dengan pemanas ganda dalam sistem one pot double-decker. Produk cair hasil hydrotreatment dianalisis menggunakan instrumen GC-MS. Katalis dengan hasil selektivitas dan yield bioavtur tertinggi dianalisis dengan FTIR.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan katalis Ni/Mor dan Mo/Mor menunjukkan karakter luas permukaan masing-masing sebesar 318,32 dan 337,22 m2/g; volume pori total sebesar 0,21 dan 0,22 cm3/g; diameter pori rata-rata sebesar 2,55 dan 2,52 nm; serta keasaman total 1,81 dan 2,25 mmol/g. Umpan minyak sawit mengandung senyawa dominan asam oleat (44,38%) dan asam palmitat (39,90%). Katalis Ni/Mor susun tunggal menghasilkan selektivitas dan yield bioavtur tertinggi sebesar 88,45?n 28,58%.

The preparation of metal-based Ni and Mo catalysts supported on H-mordenite via dry impregnation method has been carried out. The aim of this research is to evaluated the characteristics and the arrangement of Ni/Mor and/or Mo/Mor catalyst on the selectivity and yield of bio-aviation fuel in palm oil hydrotreatment. Impregnation was performed using a spray technique with precursor solutions of (NH?)?Mo?O??·4H?O and Ni(NO?)?·6H?O. The catalysts were characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, SAA, and NH?-TPD. Catalyst activity tests were carried out through palm oil hydrotreatment using a semi-batch reactor with dual heaters in a one-pot double-decker system. The liquid products from hydrotreatment were analyzed using GC-MS. The catalyst with the highest selectivity and yield of bio-aviation fuel results was analyzed using FTIR.

The research results showed that the Ni/Mor and Mo/Mor catalysts showed surface area characteristics of 318.32 and 337.22 m2/g, respectively; total pore volume of 0.21 and 0.22 cm3/g; average pore diameters of 2.55 and 2.52 nm; and total acidity of 1.81 and 2.25 mmol/g. Palm oil feed contains the dominant compounds oleic acid (44.38%) and palmitic acid (39.90%). The Ni/Mor single-layer catalyst exhibited the highest selectivity and yield of 88.45% and 28.58%.

Kata Kunci : bioavtur, hydrotreatment, impregnasi, mordenit