ANALISIS EKONOMI WISATA BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DI DESA LEREP, KABUPATEN SEMARANG TAHUN 2024
HASNA ULYATUN NAIMA, Dr. Anggi Rahajeng, S.E., M.Ec.
2024 | Tugas Akhir | D4 PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI KEWILAYAHAN
Desa Wisata Lerep
merupakan wisata berbasis masyarakat yang memiliki potensi pemandangan alam
yang indah dan keanekaragaman budaya. Berdasarkan Surat Keputusan Kepala Dinas
Pariwisata Kabupaten Semarang No. 556/381/2022 mengenai Klasifikasi Desa Wisata
di Kabupaten Semarang, Desa Wisata Lerep dikategorikan menjadi desa wisata
maju. Stakeholder memiliki peran dalam proses pengembangan Desa Wisata Lerep
hingga meraih penghargaan "Anugerah Desa Wisata Indonesia 2021" dan "Desa Wisata
Berkelanjutan Terbaik". Meskipun demikian, belum
pernah dilakukan penilaian ekonomi di Desa Wisata Lerep dan masih terdapat
permasalahan lingkungan serta aksesibilitas menuju atraksi kurang baik. Tujuan penelitian
ini adalah untuk mengetahui indikator-indikator yang memengaruhi jumlah
kunjungan wisatawan, mengetahui
nilai ekonomi Desa Wisata, mengetahui indikator-indikator yang memengaruhi
keberhasilan community-based tourism di Desa Wisata Lerep, dan
mengetahui peran stakeholders dalam pengembangan desa wisata.
Penelitian ini
menggunakan metode mix method yang menggabungkan metode kuantitatif
dengan kualitatif. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan teknik simple
random sampling dan sampling jenuh kepada pengelola Desa Wisata Lerep.
Responden yang digunakan sebanyak 105 untuk responden wisatawan dan 40 orang
untuk responden pengelola. Kemudian menggunakan teknik analisis faktor melalui
penyebaran kuesioner dengan skala likert dan estimasi nilai ekonomi menggunakan
Individual Travel Cost Method.
Hasil penelitian
menunjukan pengaruh jumlah kunjungan wisatawan ke Desa Wisata Lerep, terdapat
empat faktor yaitu, faktor pelayanan, faktor
relaksasi, faktor harga, dan faktor lokasi. Estimasi nilai ekonomi Desa
Wisata Lerep sebesar Rp3.142.052.368, hasil tersebut dapat membantu
pengelola dalam menentukan tarif masuk desa wisata. Kemudian
indikator-indikator yang memengaruhi keberhasilan community-based tourism
di Desa Wisata Lerep, terdapat empat faktor yaitu faktor daya tarik untuk
wisatawan, faktor kelembagaan, faktor amenitas, dan faktor hubungan integrasi.
Adanya peran stakeholder juga memberikan keberhasilan Desa Wisata Lerep,
aktor-aktor tersebut antara lain Pokdarwis Rukun Santoso, Dinas Pariwisata
Kabupaten Semarang, dan Dispermasdes Kabupaten Semarang, BUMDes Gerbang
Lentera, dan Pemerintah Desa Lerep.
Lerep Tourism Village is a community-based tourism
destination with the potential for beautiful natural scenery and cultural
diversity. Based on the Decree of the Head of the Tourism Office of Semarang
Regency No. 556/381/2022 regarding the Classification of Tourism Villages in
Semarang Regency, Lerep Tourism Village is categorized as an advanced tourism
village. Stakeholders have played a role in the development process of Lerep
Tourism Village, leading to the achievement of the "Anugerah Desa Wisata
Indonesia 2021" and "Best Sustainable Tourism Village" awards.
However, an economic assessment has never been conducted in Lerep Tourism
Village, and there are still environmental and accessibility issues to
attractions. The aim of this study is to identify the indicators affecting the
number of tourist visits, determine the economic value of the Tourism Village,
identify the indicators affecting the success of community-based tourism in
Lerep Tourism Village, and understand the role of stakeholders in the
development of the tourism village.
This research uses a mixed-method approach, combining
quantitative and qualitative methods. Sampling was conducted using simple
random sampling and saturation sampling techniques for the managers of Lerep
Tourism Village. The respondents included 105 tourists and 40 managers. Factor
analysis techniques were used through the distribution of Likert-scale
questionnaires and economic value estimation using the Individual Travel Cost
Method.
The results of the study indicate that there are four
factors influencing the number of tourist visits to Lerep Tourism Village:
service factors, relaxation factors, price factors, and location factors. The
estimated economic value of Lerep Tourism Village is IDR 3,142,052,368, which
can help managers determine the entrance fee for the tourism village. The
indicators affecting the success of community-based tourism in Lerep Tourism
Village include four factors: tourist attraction factors, institutional factors,
amenity factors, and integration relationship factors. The role of stakeholders
also contributes to the success of Lerep Tourism Village, with key actors
including the Rukun Santoso Tourism Awareness Group, the Semarang Regency
Tourism Office, the Semarang Regency Village Community Empowerment Office,
BUMDes Gerbang Lentera, and the Lerep Village Government.
Kata Kunci : Community-Based Tourism, Penilaian Ekonomi, Travel Cost Method, Analisis Faktor/Community-Based Tourism, Economic Value, Travel Cost Method, Factor Analysis