Effects of Social Variables on The Use of Sarcastic Expressions in Four Film Series Harry Potter

CANDRA APRILLIA UTAMI, Dr. Aris Munandar, M.Hum.

2024 | Skripsi | SASTRA INGGRIS

Penelitian ini menyelidiki tentang ekspresi sarkastik dalam empat seri film Harry Potter. Keempat film yang dipilih antaranya Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone (2001), Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (2002), Harry Potter and The Prisoner of Azkaban (2004), dan Harry Potter and The Goblet of Fire (2005). Ekspresi sarkastik diklasifikasikan berdasarkan teori sarkasme dari Camp (2011) yang membagi kategori sarkasme menjadi empat: Propositional, Lexical, Like-Prefixed, dan Illocutionary Sarcasm. Pengidentifikasiannya dilakukan dengan ucapan seluruh karakter di seluruh Seri Film Harry Potter yang dipilih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis sarkasme yang paling sering digunakan oleh para tokoh adalah Illocutionary Sarcasm sebanyak 62 kali (59.62%), diikuti oleh Propositional Sarcasm sebanyak 24 kali (23.06%) dan Lexical Sarcasm sebanyak 17 kali (16.35%). Jenis sarkasme yang paling sedikit digunakan oleh karakter adalah Like-Prefixed Sarcasm yang hanya muncul sekali (0.96%). Variabel sosial yang mempengaruhi penyampaian sarkasme juga diteliti berdasarkan teori yang dikemukakan oleh Brown dan Levinson (1987). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakter cenderung menyampaikan ekspresi sarkastik ketika mereka memiliki jarak yang jauh (+D) dan otoritas yang lebih tinggi (+P). Hal ini merangkum bahwa karakter dengan otoritas lebih tinggi menggunakan sarkasme untuk menggambarkan batasan perilaku yang dapat diterima di sekolah.

This research investigates the sarcastic expressions found in four film series Harry Potter. The four films selected including Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone (2001), Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (2002), Harry Potter and The Prisoner of Azkaban (2004), and Harry Potter and The Goblet of Fire (2005). The sarcastic utterances were classified based on the theory of sarcasm proposed by Camp (2011) which divides the sarcasm category into four: Propositional, Lexical, Like-Prefixed, and Illocutionary Sarcasm. The identification was undertaken by all the characters’ utterances throughout the selected Harry Potter Film Series. The findings show that the frequent type of sarcasm used by the characters is Illocutionary Sarcasm with 62 occurrences (59.62%), followed by Propositional Sarcasm which occurs 24 times (23.06%) and Lexical Sarcasm with 17 occurrences (16.35%). The least sarcasm type used by the characters is Like-Prefixed sarcasm which only occurs once (0.96%). The social variables that influence the delivery of sarcasm are also investigated based on the theory proposed by Brown and Levinson. (1987). The results show that the characters tend to deliver sarcastic expressions in a situation when they have far distance (+D) and higher authority (+P). It concludes that the characters with higher authority use sarcasm to delineate the boundaries of acceptable behavior around school.

Kata Kunci : speech acts, sarcasm, Harry Potter, relative power, social distance