Dukungan organisasional dan politik organisasional sebagai prediktor sikap kerja, stres kerja, dan perilaku agresif

SISWANTI, Yuni, Dr. Bambang Riyanto LS., MBA

2004 | Tesis | S2 Manajemen

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji pengaruh dukungan dan politik organisasional terhadap kepuasan kerja, komitmen organisasional komitmen afektif, continuence, dan normatif), stress kerja, dan perilaku agresif. Selain itu juga menguji apakah dukungan dapat menjelaskan varians incremental dalam variabel dependen melebihi yang dijelaskan oleh politik, atau sebaliknya politik dapat menjelaskan varians inkremental melebihi yang dijelaskan dukungan organisasional. Sampel penelitian adalah para perawat di 4 rumah sakit di Yogyakarta. Dari 172 kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada perawat, terdapat 168 yang memenuhi persyaratan untuk diolah lebih lanjut. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan 8 item dukungan organisasional, 6 item politik organisasional, 4 item kepuasan kerja, 6 item komitmen afektif, 6 item komitmen continuence, 6 item komitmen normatif, 4 item turnover intention, 4 item stres kerja, dan 4 item perilaku agresif. Semua item yang digunakan dalam ukuran ini bersifat persepsional. Jenis kelamin, usia, dan lama kerja diikutkan sebagai variabel kontrol. Analisis regresi sederhana untuk menguji pengaruh variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen. Analisis regresi hirarkikal untuk menguji apakah dukungan dapat menjelaskan varians inkremental dalam variabel dependen melebihi politik, atau sebaliknya. Analisis regresi sederhana menunjukkan bahwa dukungan organisasional berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja, komitmen afektif, komitmen continuence, dan komitmen normatif; dan berpengaruh negatif terhadap turnover intention, stres kerja, dan perilaku agresif. Politik organisasional berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap turnover intention, dan stres kerja; serta berpengaruh negatif terhadap kepuasan kerja, komitmen afektif, komitmen continuence, dan komitmen normatif. Politik organisasional tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku agresif. Analisis regresi hirarkikal menunjukkan bahwa saat dukungan dimasukkan pertama, politik dapat menjelaskan varians inkremental dalam kepuasan kerja, komitmen afektif, komitmen continuence, komitmen normatif dan stres kerja melebihi dukungan. Saat politik dimasukkan pertama, dukungan dapat menjelaskan varians inkremental dalam kepuasan kerja, komitmen afektif, komitmen continuence, komitmen normatif, dan perilaku agresif melebihi yang dijelaskan politik. Karena dukungan dan politik dapat menjelaskan varians inkremental melebihi satu sama lain, maka keduanya dapat dinyatakan sebagai konstruk yang berbeda.

The purposes of this research is to examine the influence of organizational support and organizational politics to job satisfaction, organizational commitment (affective, continuance, and normative commitment), turnover intention, job distress, and aggressive behavior; and to investigate whether support could explain incremental variance in dependent variable beyond be explained by politics, or vice versa, politics could explain incremental variance in dependent variable beyond be explained by support. The sample was nurses those working at four hospitals in Yogyakarta. Of the 172 questionnaires were distributed to nurses, 167 data that can employ on this study. The data were collected use 8-item organizational support, 6-item organizational politics, 4-item job satisfaction, 6- item for each three dimension organizational commitment, 3-item turnover intention, 4-item job distress, and 4- item aggressive behavior. The overall instruments those used in this study were perceptive instruments. Gender, age, and tenure were employed as control variables. Simple regression analysis was used to examine the influence independent variable to dependent variable. Hierarchical regression analysis were used to examine whether support could explain incremental variance in dependent variable, beyond be explained by politics, or vice versa. Simple regression analysis showed that organizational support was significance positive influenced to job satisfaction, affective commitment, continuance commitment, normative commitment; and significance negative to turnover intention, job distress, and aggressive behavior. Organizational politics was significance positive influenced to turnover intention and job distress; and significance negative influenced to job satisfaction, affective commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment. Organizational politics was not significance influenced to aggressive behavior. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that when support was entered first, politics could explain a significance incremental variance in job satisfaction, affective commitment, continuance commitment, normative commitment, and job distress, beyond be explained by support. When politics was entered first, support could explain a significant incremental variance in job satisfaction, affective commitment, continuance commitment, normative commitment, and aggressive behavior, beyond be explained by politics. Because of support and politics could explained a significant incremental variance beyond one by another, so that they would be suggested as distinct construct

Kata Kunci : Manajemen Sumberdaya Manusia,Stress Kerja dan perilaku Agresif,Dukungan Organisasional, organizational support and politics, job satisfaction, affective commitment, continuance commitment, normative commitment, turnover intention, job distress, and aggres