Kekuatan Tarik Sambungan Rotary Friction Welding pada Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene yang Difabrikasi dengan Fused Deposition Modeling
Anju Gerald, Dr. Ir. Urip Agus Salim, ST., M.Eng.Sc.
2024 | Skripsi | TEKNIK MESIN
Meningkatnya
persaingan internasional dan kompleksitas manufaktur industri mendorong
penggunaan teknik manufaktur tambahan seperti Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), dengan material ABS. Teknik ini
menawarkan fleksibilitas dan efisiensi, namun menghadapi tantangan seperti
kekuatan mekanis rendah, ketidakakuratan dimensi, dan volume pembuatan
terbatas. Rotary Friction Welding
(RFW) digunakan untuk menggabungkan komponen polimer, termasuk ABS yang dicetak
3D, untuk mengatasi tantangan ini. Penelitian ini meneliti kekuatan tarik dari
sambungan hasil RFW pada ABS yang difabrikasi dengan FDM.
Penelitian dilakukan
menggunakan alat seperti mesin FDM 3D Print Flashforge Creator Pro, mesin CNC
TU-2A, Universal Testing Machine. Bahan yang digunakan adalah filamen Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS)
untuk mencetak spesimen uji dan ABS bulk sebagai pembanding. Metode penelitian
meliputi desain spesimen, pencetakan 3D, proses friction welding dengan mesin
CNC, dan pengujian kekuatan tarik.
Uji tarik dilakukan
pada lima spesimen dengan variasi kecepatan putar 1.750 RPM, 2.000 RPM, dan
2.250 RPM. Hasil menunjukkan perbedaan rata-rata UTS antara spesimen FDM dan
bulk. Struktur makro mengungkapkan pola patahan, craze, dan mikrovoid pada
spesimen FDM yang dipengaruhi kecepatan putar. Temperatur pengelasan juga
berperan, dengan rata-rata temperatur spesimen FDM lebih rendah dibandingkan
bulk. Analisis ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa variasi kecepatan rotasi tidak memiliki
pengaruh signifikan terhadap kekuatan tarik baik pada spesimen FDM maupun bulk
ABS.
The increase in international competition and industrial manufacturing
complexity has led to the use of additive manufacturing techniques such as
Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) with ABS material. This technique offers
flexibility and efficiency but faces challenges such as low mechanical
strength, dimensional inaccuracies, and limited production volumes. Rotary
Friction Welding (RFW) is used to join polymer components, including 3D-printed
ABS, to overcome these challenges. This research examines the tensile strength
of RFW joints on ABS fabricated with FDM.
The research was conducted using tools such as an FDM 3D Print
Flashforge machine, a CNC TU-2A machine, and a Universal Testing Machine. The
materials used include Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) filament for
printing test specimens and bulk ABS for comparison. The research methods
include specimen design, 3D printing, friction welding processes using CNC
machines, and tensile strength testing.
Tensile tests were conducted on five specimens with rotational speed
variations of 1,750 RPM, 2,000 RPM, and 2,250 RPM. Results showed average
differences in tensile strength between FDM and bulk specimens. Macro
structures revealed fracture patterns, craze, and microvoids in FDM specimens
influenced by rotational speed. Welding temperature also played a role, with
the average temperature of FDM specimens being lower compared to bulk at each
rotational speed. The ANOVA analysis indicates that the variation in rotational
speed does not have a significant influence on the tensile strength, both in
FDM specimens and bulk ABS.
Kata Kunci : Rotary Friction Welding, kecepatan rotasi, kekuatan tarik, Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, Fused Deposition Modeling, struktur makro