Keanekaragaman Jenis Ikan di Sungai Winongo Kota Yogyakarta
MUNIK UTAMI, Drs. Namastra Probosunu, M. Si.
2024 | Skripsi | MANAJ. SUMBER DAYA PERIKANAN
Sungai merupakan ekosistem perairan air tawar yang berperan penting bagi kehidupan organisme salah satunya ikan. Sungai dengan tingkat kelayakan tertentu dapat menjadi ekosistem yang mendukung keberlangsungan hidup ikan. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis ikan di Sungai Winongo, Kota Yogyakarta. Pengambilan sampel dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2023-Maret 2024 di Sungai Winongo, Kota Yogyakarta. Metode purposive random sampling digunakan untuk menentukan lokasi pengambilan sampel. Pengambilan sampel ikan menggunakan alat tangkap seser, pancing, dan jala seperempat inci. Pengamatan lingkungan perairan dilakukan dengan mengukur suhu, pH, O2 terlarut, kecepatan arus, dan kedalaman sungai. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan didapatkan sebanyak 368 ekor yang termasuk dalam 6 famili dan 8 spesies. Dermogenys pusilla (julung-julung) dan Poecilia reticulata (gupi) menjadi spesies ikan yang paling banyak tertangkap dan ditemukan di semua stasiun. Indeks keanekaragaman jenis ikan yang ada di Sungai Winongo Kota Yogyakarta sebesar 1,34 termasuk dalam kategori sedang dan dominasi ikan rendah dengan nilai indeks dominasi 0,36. Kondisi lingkungan perairan seperti suhu, pH, dan O2 terlarut masih layak untuk kehidupan ikan.
Stream are freshwater ecosystems that play a crucial role in the life of organisms, including fish. Streams with a certain level of suitability can become ecosystems that support the survival of fish. The aim of the research is to determine the diversity of fish species in the Winongo Stream, Yogyakarta City. Sampling was conducted from December 2023 to March 2024 in the Winongo Stream, Yogyakarta City. The purposive random sampling method was used to determine the sampling locations. Fish sampling was conducted using nets, fishing rods, and ¼-inch mesh nets. Aquatic environmental observations were made by measuring temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, current speed, and stream depth. Based on observations, a total of 368 fish were found, belonging to 6 families and 8 species. Dermogenys pusilla (halfbeak) and Poecilia reticulata (guppy) were the most frequently caught and found at all stations. The fish species diversity index in the Winongo Stream, Yogyakarta City, was 1.34, which falls into the medium category, with low fish dominance indicated by a dominance index value of 0.36. Environmental conditions such as temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen are still suitable for fish life.
Kata Kunci : ikan, keanekaragaman, dominasi, Sungai Winongo, Yogyakarta