Pengaruh Penambahan Emulsi Minyak Maggot (Hermetia illucens) pada Air Minum terhadap Kinerja Pertumbuhan Ayam Broiler

ZAHARA FAIHA ARIFIN, Prof. Dr. Ir. Zuprizal, DEA., IPU., ASEAN Eng.

2024 | Skripsi | ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Minyak maggot berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai pengganti antibiotik sintetik. Minyak maggot mengandung asam laurat yang bersifat antimikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan emulsi minyak maggot (Hermetia illucens) pada air minum terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan ayam broiler. Anak ayam broiler jantan strain Indian River umur 1 hari sejumlah 135 ekor dipelihara selama 35 hari untuk dilakukan studi in vivo. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dengan 3 replikasi dan 9 experimental unit. Perlakuan yang diberikan, yaitu: air minum tanpa penambahan emulsi minyak maggot (kontrol negatif; P0), air minum + 25 mg/L antibiotik bacitracin (kontrol positif; P1), air minum + 10 ml/L emulsi minyak maggot (P2), air minum + 20 ml/L emulsi minyak maggot (P3), dan air minum + 30 ml/L emulsi minyak maggot (P4). Parameter yang diteliti adalah kinerja pertumbuhan yang meliputi variabel konsumsi pakan, konsumsi air minum, pertambahan bobot badan harian, bobot akhir, konversi pakan, dan indeks performa. Seluruh data yang diperoleh dari penelitian dianalisis statistik menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan aplikasi SPSS. Indikasi perbedaan antar perlakuan berbasis pada nilai probabilitas kurang dari 5%. Data-data dengan perbedaan yang nyata diuji lanjut menggunakan Duncan’s new Multiple Range Test. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa penambahan emulsi minyak maggot 10 ml/L hingga 30 ml/L serta 25 mg/L antibiotik bacitracin dalam air minum memberikan hasil yang tidak berbeda pada konsumsi pakan dan konsumsi air minum. Namun demikian, penambahan emulsi minyak maggot 10 ml/L hingga 30 ml/L dalam air minum meningkatkan pertambahan bobot badan harian dan bobot akhir, menurunkan nilai konversi pakan, serta meningkatkan IP ayam broiler (P kurang dari 0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan emulsi minyak maggot pada level 10 ml/L hingga 30 ml/L dapat meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan ayam broiler.

Maggot oil has the potential to be developed as a substitute for synthetic antibiotics.  Maggot oil contains lauric acid which in antimicrobial. This study aims to determine the effect of adding maggot oil emulsion (Hermetia illucens) to drinking water on the growth performance of broiler chickens. Male broiler chicks of Indian River strain aged 1 day, 135 birds were reared for 35 days for in vivo study. This study consisted of 5 treatments with 3 replications and 9 experimental units. The treatments given, namely: drinking water without the addition of maggot oil emulsion (negative control; P0), drinking water + 25 mg/L bacitracin antibiotic (positive control; P1), drinking water + 10 ml/L maggot oil emulsion (P2), drinking water + 20 ml/L maggot oil emulsion (P3), and drinking water + 30 ml/L maggot oil emulsion (P4). The parameters studied were growth performance including feed consumption, drinking water consumption, body weight gain, final weight, feed conversion ratio, and performance index. All data obtained from the study were statistically analized using a completely randomized design with SPSS  application. Indication of differences between treatments is based on probability value of less than 5%. Data with significant differences  were further tested using Duncan’s new Multiple Range Test. The result of statistical analysis showed that the addition of 10 ml/L to 30 ml/L maggot oil emulsion and 25 mg/L bacitracin antibiotic in drinking water gave no different results on feed consumption and drinking water consumption. However, the addition of 10 ml/L to 30 ml/L maggot oil emulsion increased daily body gain and final weight, decreased feed conversion ratio, and increased broiler performance index (P less than 0,05). Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the addition of maggot oil emulsion at the level of 10 ml/L to 30 ml/L can improve the growth performance of broiler chickens.

Kata Kunci : ayam broiler, emulsi minyak maggot, kinerja pertumbuhan