Pengaruh Penambahan Emulsi Minyak Maggot (Hermentia illucens) dalam Air Minum Terhadap Produksi Karkas dan Perlemakan Abdominal Ayam Broiler

RR. ZAFIRATU DWI JAYATI, Prof. Dr. Ir. Zuprizal., DEA., IPU., ASEAN Eng.

2024 | Skripsi | ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Ayam broiler memiliki pertumbuhan cepat yang dapat dipacu dengan penambahan antibiotic growth promoter. Bahan alami yang dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti antibiotic growth promoter yaitu minyak maggot. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian emulsi minyak maggot dalam air minum terhadap produksi karkas dan pelemakan abdominal ayam broiler. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan 135 ekor day old chicks ayam broiler jantan strain Indian River yang dipelihara selama 35 hari. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah: air minum tanpa penambahan bahan emulsi minyak maggot (P0; kontrol negatif), air minum + 25 mg/L antibiotik bacitracin (P1; kontrol positif), air minum + 10 ml/L emulsi minyak maggot (P2), air minum + 20 ml/L emulsi minyak maggot (P3), air minum + 30 ml/L emulsi minyak maggot (P4). Setiap perlakuan diberikan replikasi 3 kali, masing-masing menggunakan 9 ekor experimental unit di setiap kandang replikasi. Pakan dan air minum diberikan secara ad libitum. Parameter yang diamati meliputi bobot potong, bobot karkas, persentase karkas, bobot lemak  abdominal, dan persentase lemak abdominal. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola searah berbasis nilai P kurang dari 5%. Data dengan perbedaan yang nyata akan diuji lanjut menggunakan Duncan’s new Multiple Range Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan emulsi minyak maggot 10 ml/L sampai 30 ml/L dapat meningkatkan bobot potong dan bobot karkas, namun belum dapat menurunkan bobot dan persentase lemak abdominal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa penambahan 30 ml/L emulsi minyak maggot merupakan hasil yang lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan bobot potong, bobot karkas, dan menghasilkan bobot dan persentase lemak abdominal ayam broiler yang masih dalam batas normal. 

Broiler chickens have rapid growth that can be stimulated by the addition of antibiotic growth promoter. Natural ingredients that can be used as a substitute for antibiotic growth promoter are maggot oil. This research aimed to determine the effect of maggot oil emulsion in drinking water on carcass production and abdominal fatness of broiler chickens. The study used 135 day old male broiler chicks of Indian River strain reared for 35 days. The treatments that given were: drinking water without maggot oil emulsion (P0; negative control), drinking water + 25 mg/L bacitracin antibiotic (P1; positive control), drinking water + 10 ml/L maggot oil emulsion (P2), drinking water + 20 ml/L maggot oil emulsion (P3), drinking water + 30 ml/L maggot oil emulsion (P4). Each treatment was replicated three times, each using 9 experimental units in each replicate cage. Feed and drinking water were offered at all times (ad libitum). Parameters that were observed included body weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage, abdominal fat weight, and abdominal fat percentage. The collected data were analysed statictically using a completely randomised design with oneway arrangement, based on the P value of less than 5%. Duncan's new Multiple Range Test was used to futher test the data with signifcant difference. The results showed that the addition of maggot oil emulsion 10 ml/L to 30 ml/L can increased slaughter weight and carcass weight, but hasn’t been able to reduce the weight and percentage of abdominal fatness. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the addition of 30 ml/L maggot oil emulsion is a more effective result in increasing slaughter weight, carcass weight, and produce weight and percentage of abdominal fat of broiler chickens that are still within normal limits.

Kata Kunci : Ayam broiler, emulsi minyak maggot, lemak abdominal, produksi karkas